798 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



resembling a pistol and trigger operated to paint the inside of 

 pneumatic tire casings with soapstone paint. For whitewashing 

 and applying cold water paint to factory interiors, where power 

 is not available, a double-acting cog-geared spraying machine that 

 operates by hand can be utilized to excellent advantage. 

 ASPHALT AND ROCK GRIT SPRAYING. 

 The pneumatic spraying princi|)le has also been applied in 

 building. By means of a special gun, side walls and ceilings 

 are plastered, foundations and floors are damp-proofed and con- 

 crete structures are waterproofed, with a coat of pure asphalt 

 compound, applied at normal temperature and under high pres- 

 sure. This hermetically seals the surface and protects the plaster 

 against water damage, stain, cold air intiltration and the lime 

 sulphite salts in concrete which cause plaster to decrystallize. 

 Over this a coat of rock grit, also gun applied, makes a scratch 

 coat that requires only a finish coat of plaster in order to give 

 a ceiling of excellent whiteness for light conservation or ideal for 

 decorating. Side walls prepared in this manner and given two, 



instead of the 

 usual three 

 coats of gypsum 

 hard plaster, 

 afford complete 

 insulation, over- 

 coming all 

 sweating and 

 condensation of 

 moisture. For 

 applying the 

 scratch coat, 

 sand-blast hose 

 is used, having 

 a heavy lining 

 of rubber to re- 

 sist the cutting 

 action of the 

 rock grit. 



With the as- 

 ihalt gun con- 

 crete structures, 

 such as base- 

 ments, reser- 

 voirs, bridge 

 "^ decks, etc., are 



water - proofed 

 with asphalt compound and built out to sufficient thickness with 

 mastic or membrane. Dampproofers are also applied to founda- 

 tion walls that are to be furred and to cinder-fill mixtures under 

 matched flooring. The gun cleans the voids, fills them full of 

 asphalt and builds out in an even, laminated coating. Speed ren- 

 ders this method advantageous for quick construction. 

 SPRAYING PORTLAND CEMENT. 

 Reversing the arts of war, the destructive principles of gun- 

 fire are being employed in the constructive arts of peace, and a 

 cement gun, much like the paint and asphalt guns, is being used 

 for rapid-fire building in England. M Southend-on-Sea a house- 

 building company is putting up houses having wooden frames 

 covered with tar felt and wire meshing. A cement gun is used 

 to spray prepared cement from a large hopper to cover the mesh- 

 ing. In this way 15,000 square feet can be laid in eight hours. 



These modern methods in building and structural maintenance 

 depend in large measure upon' flexilile rubber hose for their effi- 

 ciency. .\nd confronted as the whole world is by such a serious 

 shortage of houses, it seems likelx- that these devices which save 

 time and labor, speed up production, and save expense, will quickly 

 come into general use. 



JUDICIAL DECISIONS. 



G AMMETER VS. Backdahl.— Court of Appeals, District of Co- 

 lumbia. Decided June 2, 1920. 



.Appeal from a decision of an assistant commissioner of patents 

 in an interference proceeding awarding priority to Backdahl for 

 an invention filed December 14, 1915, relating to a metallic 

 mandrel for curing tires. Gammeter conceived and disclosed his 

 invention September 7, 1915, endeavoring meanwhile to evolve a 

 fluid-tight, expansible lead core adapted to produce a cord as 

 well as a fabric tire. 



The Examiner of Interferences and the Board of Examiners- 

 in-Chief held that Gammeter was diligent at the time Backdahl 

 entered the field and reasonably diligent from that time until the 

 filing of his application. The Assistant Commissioner disagreed 

 with this finding and therefore reversed the decisions of the lower 

 tribunals. 



Where, as here, it clearly appears that the party first to con- 

 ceive the invention was in good faith engaged in perfecting it at 

 the time his adversary entered the field, that party should not be 

 deprived of the fruits of his discovery because his efforts were 

 not as successful as he hoped they would be. 



Therefore, the Examiner of Interferences and the Board of 

 E-xaminers-in-Chief, being convinced that Gammeter was not lack- 

 ing in diligence, reversed the decision of the Assistant Commis- 

 sioner and awarded priority to Gammeter. ("United States 

 Patent Office Gazette," July 27. 1920.) 



THE WOOLDRIDGE & FOX BALLOON FABRIC PROOFING PATENT. 



In 1916, patent No. 105,137 was granted to Wooldridge & Fox, 

 for "Improvements in impregnating compositions for proofing 

 fabrics and other flexible materials." In 1917 the North British 

 Rubber Co., Limited, applied for revocation of that patent, or a 

 specific reference to its own patent, No. 5,915 of 1915, for "An 

 improved fabric for balloon envelopes and the like, and the 

 method of manufacturing and aftertreating the same," on the 

 ground that the invention claimed in the patent of 1916 had 

 been claimed in the patent of 1915. 



The application was dismissed by the Chief Examiner, who 

 ordered, however, that the specification be amended by the inser- 

 tion of a general reference to the state of the art. An appeal to 

 the Court by the North British Rubber Co., Limited, was later 

 dismissed, it being held that the invention of the patentees was 

 not the same as that of the opponents ; that, even if a fabric 

 made in accordance with the claims to which objection was taken 

 would be an infringement of the opponent's patent, that would 

 not in itself, be a sufficient reason for striking out those claims; 

 that the object of the insertion of a specific reference was not 

 to preserve or assist the opponent's rights, but to protect the 

 public in cases in which, hut for the insertion, they would be 

 likely to be misled ; and that there was not sufficient reason for 

 giving any special warning. (Supplement to "The Illustrated Offi- 

 cial Journal" [British patents], June 30, 1920.) 



Replete with i;jformation for rubber manufacturers — H. C. 

 Pearson's "Crude Rubber and Compounding Ingredients." 



"ROX worn" means about the same THNG in the auto INNER 



tubes as "shop worn" means in clothes. Both are damaged 

 goods. When an inner tube leaves a rubber factory, it is ordi- 

 narily packed in waxed paper and placed in a box to keep it in 

 perfect condition. But this waxed paper packing will not pro- 

 tect the tube carelessly thrown in the tool box of a car, where 

 the constant jolting and swerving of the car cause the loosely 

 packed tube to chafe through at the folds. 



Tubes will remain in the same serviceable condition as when 

 placed in the car, if carefully wrapped i'rt soft cloth or paper 

 so that they cannot slide around in the wrapping. Better even 

 than this, however, is the purchase of a tube bag. It is not 

 only excellent but cheap insurance against tube cutting and 

 chafing. (The Miller Rubber Co.) 



