804 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



ISeitember 1, 1920. 



ensured by the heat generated through the friction of the tire 

 in use. .Moisture, either that left in the tire in manufacture or 

 entering through punctures in the manner described, cannot be 

 readily removed. Hence, though a structure built up on a cotton 

 foundation and enclosed in rubber may be proof against oxidation 

 and rotting from the action of the agents above enumerated, so 

 long as it is enclosed in the rubber, yet it ceases to be thus pro- 

 tected as soon as the rubber covering is perforated or punctured. 



It is otherwise, however, with toron-treated cotton, for every 

 lihtr is individually protected from contact with air, moisture or 

 the effects of moulds. Neither moisture left in the tire structure 

 by imperfections of manufacture or that which finds its way into 

 the interior of the tire through perforations can reach the cotton 

 through its envelope. 



.\nother cause of rotting in tires is found in the sulphur coming 

 from the vulcanized rubber. It is known that vulcanized rubber 

 not infrequently shows a "bloom" due to some of the sulphur 

 used for vulcanizing the rubber appearing on its surface, and 

 through the oxidation of this sulphur in the presence of moisture 

 and warmth, sulphur acids are formed which attack and weaken 

 the cotton. Toron or toron-treated cotton does not bloom. Ma- 

 terial treated with it reduces the likelihood of moisture, which 

 might cause such oxidation of sulphur being left in the interior 

 of the tire. .\nd toron-treated cotton fiber is immune from 

 attack from such sulphur acids as are formed within the tire. 



VULCANIZING RUBBER TO SOLID TIRE RIMS. 



An additional and very valuable characteristic of toron is that 

 by its use rubber may be vulcanized to iron, thereby producing 

 a complete adhesion of a solid tire to the rim of the wheel. 



It is well known that rubber, whether vulcanized or not, does 

 not adhere to iron and advantage is universally taken of this 

 fact to vulcanize rubber articles in iron molds, yet, by a simple 

 treatment of the rim surface with toron, on application of the 

 rubber to this treated surface and its vulcanization, a bond is 

 formed which resists rupture more than any other part of the 

 tire, and thus one of the most serious defects in solid tire con- 

 struction has been overcome. 



NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WASTE MATERIAL 



DEALERS, STANDARD CLASSIFICATION 



FOR SCRAP RUBBER. 



CIRCULAR F. 



THIS STANu.\Ri) OF PACKING was adopted by the Scrap Rubber 

 Division and approved by the Board of Directors of the 

 Association on June 30, 1920, to be effective from July 1, 1920, to 

 July 1, 1921, at which date a new circular will be issued. 



All goods bought or sold under the following specifications are 

 understood to consist only of domestic or Canadian manufacture, 

 unless otherwise stipulated. All grades of scrap rubber shall be 

 bought and paid for net weight, mill weights to govern, and no 

 allowance for bagging or covering of any kind shall be made, nor 

 shall the same be returned to the seller. 



of 



DELIVERY. 



rubber mus 



bale 



shipped loose a charge of 'A- 



^v.«. K-- r shall be made for extra handling, except automobile tires 



and railroad hose which may be shipped loose. 



B— \ carload unless otherwise specified shall consist of fifteen tons. 



A ton when applied to domestic stock shall mean 2.000 pounds. 



A ton when applied lo foreign stock shall mean 2,240 pounds. 



C— Shipments direct to a mill shall c. nsist of not less than 2,000 pounds. 



Otherwise a charge of ;4-cent per pound shall be made. _^ 



D . All scrap rubber of foreign manufacture shall be bought C. I. " 



port' of entry as per weight dete™ined by^ 

 to bear expense of_wcighii 



;ificate, seller 



nd shall be 





of domestic 



jbject 



REJECTIONS. 



v_TInon his request all rejections shall he returnable to the seller within 

 thirty davs from the time notice of rejection is received by him and upon 

 navment by him of 'A-ceni per pound to cover cost of sorting and rebahng. 

 IfXpping'^insTructions are not furnished within the above-mentioned thirty 

 days the purchaser shall be at liberty to make such disposit.or, of the ma- 

 tenal as he may see fit. TTie above does not apply if rejected material is 

 purchased by the buyer. 



1. — If through embargo a delivery cannot be made at the time specified 

 tlu- contract shall remain valid and shall be completed immediately on the 

 lifting of the embargo, and terms of said contract shall not be changed. 

 Notice of embargo must be served by seller. 



Code Words Appe.^r in Italics. 



1.— Rubber B<>ots and Shoes (Acre). Deliveries of rubber boots and 

 slues must consist of black rubber boots and shoes only. They must be dry 

 and clean, free from dirt and leather, and all metal excepting that applied 

 by the manufacturer. 



1. -(a)— Colored Rubber Boots and Shoes (Auto). Must consist of red, 

 white and tan, and fancy colors, and must be packed and sold separately. 

 The grading and packing to conform to Article 1. 



2.— Trinuned Arctics (Band). Must be closely trimmed and free from 



leather and any composite non-rubber bearing material, such as fiber, inner 

 soles, etc. 



2.-(a)— Untrinuned Arctics (Bird). Must be free from leather and any 

 composite non-rubber bearing material, such as fiber inner soles, etc. 



3.— Trimmed Teimis Shoes (Clam). Must be black; closely trimmed; 

 free from molded soles and leather, or anv composite non-rubber bearing 

 material such as fiber inner soles, etc. 



3.-(a)— Umtriimmed Tennis Shoes (Cool). Mus 

 le.Tther and molded soles or any composite non- 



4.— Mixed Standard Auto Tires (Dirk) 



."hiit not*^"o"ain''any"^hard.'Size''d. burnt?linl 

 or badly worn tires, nor tires containing leath 



5. — Unguaranteed Auto Tires (Earl). Must be free from non-pneumati 

 or filled tires, heavy beaded tires, hard or oxidized, stripped, badly wor 

 or tires with leather or metal. 



6.— Badly Worn Auto Tires (Fanii). .Must be free from hard 

 'iizcd, non-pneumatic or filled tires, heavy beaded tires and tires with leathi 

 IT metal. .\ reESrnable proportion of the tread must be on the tires. 



7.— Stripped Auto Tires (Game). Must be free from hard 



Must be free from the follow- 

 ; non-pneumatic or filled tires, 

 tube, motorcycle, stripped 



0X1- 



8.— No. 1 Auto Tire Peelings 

 nd leather. 

 ».— No. 2 Auto Tire Peelings 



ivy beaded tir 

 (Hawk). Must be 

 (teed). Must con 



ealh( 



ist of peelings from 

 ther. metal, stripped, 

 and free from dykes 



10.— Bicycle Tires (Jade). Must 

 nd tires with wire and beads. 

 II.— Solid Wagon and Cab Tires 



be free from hard 

 Kite). Must be free 



baby 



of 



fiber 



om metal, rags, rope, hard or 



12.— Solid Motor Truck Tires with Ooth (Lamp). Tire 

 inches or rver in diameter. Must be free from metal and 

 or fibre bases. 



13.— Clean Solid Motor Truck Tires (Life). Must cons 

 2'/; inches in diameter. Must be free of all metal, hard 

 cloth bases. 



14.— Airbrake Hose (Mai*). Must be free from metal, hard or oxidized 



15.— Garden Hose (Nail). Must be H-inch, or over, in diameter and 

 free from metal, rags, rope and cotton-covered hose. 



16. — Large Hose 

 diameter. Must be i 

 ill cotton-covered ho 



17— Cotton-Covered Fire Hose. (Park). Must be rubber lined and free 

 from hard or oxidized hose, and metal. 



18.— No. 1 Auto Inner Tubes (Qui:). Must be strictly pure gum. live 

 floating tubes, free from crustv tubes, cloth, metal, red and cloth patches, 

 and free of black floating tubes. 



19.— No. 

 Must be SI 



20.— Red Auto Inner Tubes (Utes). Must be standard tubes, free from 

 punchings, crusty tubes, cloth, metal and cloth patches. 



21.— No. 1 White Rubber (Vase). Must consist of strictly clean white 

 soft druggists' sundries and must be free from cloth and metal. 



22.- No. 2 White Rubber (Ward). Must consist of white mechanical 

 rubber and to be free from cloth, metal, crusty, hard or oxidized material, 

 white soles and heels, jar rings and cement wringers. 



23.— Mixed Black Rubber (Yoke). Must be free from cloth, metal, 

 crusty, hard or oxidized material, packing, stripped matting, tiling, baby 

 carriage tires, soles and heels. 



24.— Matting and Packing (Fo 

 and piston packing, belting and s 



25.— No. 1 Red Rubber (Yeas 



Mus 



26.— No. 2 Red Rubber 



filled tires, heavy from ja 



metal, soles and heels, and 



27.— Red Packing (Zero 



clotli and metal and disco 



■ings. packing, hard or oxidized rubber, cloth, 

 aroon and chocolate colored materials. 



Must be free from hard or oxidized rubber,, 

 ed rubber and free from graphite packing. 



