1886. y [Stowell. 



It lias seemed desirable that the nerves of the cat be described with the 

 same fullness of detail that has been given to the bones and the muscles.* 



The Vagus (27) and the Trigeminus (A.) nerves have been described ; 

 the present study of the Facial nerve is now offered as a contribution to 

 comparative neurology. It has been the author's aim to present the rela- 

 tions and the distribution of this nerve, based upon repeated dissections, 

 so as to insure, as far as practicable, the elimination of individual variation. 



Preparation. 



The cats were injected with the "starch injection mass " recommended 

 in the Anatomical Technology (34, p. 140) ; both arteries and veins were 

 injected, to Axcilitate identification and to insure accuracy. Alcoholic and 

 recent specimens were used. Most of the work has been done under a 

 magnifying power of 15-35 diameters, with the hope that no anastomotic 

 or terminal filaments should escape notice. 



^ NERVUS FACIALIS. 



Synonymy. — Portio dura (ot the seventh pair). Par septimum seu faci- 

 ale, Communicans faciei nervus, Sympatheticus minor, Ramus durior 

 septimae conjugationis. Respiratory nerve of the lace, Nervus facialis, 

 Facial nerve. 



Anatomical Characters. — This nerve is distributed to the muscles which 

 give expression to the face, viz., the muscles of the palpebral, the nasal, 

 the maxillary, the mandibular and the inter-maxillary regions ; to two 

 of the principal muscles of the ectal ear, viz., attrahens aurem and retra- 

 hens aurem, and to the small muscles of the cartilage (pinna) ; it gives 

 filaments to the middle ear, directly to the stapedius muscle, indirectly to 

 the tensor tympani and those structures innerved by the tympanic plexus 

 (Jacobson's nerve) ; it supplies the scalp (occipito-frontal muscle) and the 

 ectal muscle of the cheek and neck (platysma myoides); it communicates 

 with the several divisions of the trigeminus nerve upon the face, and with 

 ganglia of the trunk, viz., with the Gasserian ganglion by a small fascicle, 

 with the spheno-palatine through the great petrosal root of the Vidian 



* For the study of Individual structure the elaborate and expensive work of 

 Straus-Durckhetm (B.), and the more accessible reduced copies of his outline 

 plates by Professor Henry S. Williams (C), possess excellent features. The 

 Anatomical Technology by Wilder and Gage (34) is all that can be desired in a 

 manual which is designed "to furnish those who intend to pursue human, 

 veterinary or comparative anatomy, with explicit directions for dissection and 

 for the preparation and preservation of anatomical specimens, and with a cor- 

 rect and clear account of the principal parts of an accessible and fairly repre- 

 sentative mammal of convenient size" (Preface, 2d ed.). Directions for dissec- 

 tion and manipulation are so explicitin tlils manual thatitseems unnecessary 

 to describe the methods followed in the preparation of this paper. No work 

 known to the writer, except perhaps Mivart's (18), assumes to present in detail 

 the nervous system of the cat; the wide discrepancy between his text and the 

 nervous system of American cats has been mentioned elsewhere (A ; The Na- 

 tion, June 2, 1881 ; Science and the Athenseum, June 4, 1881). 



PROC. AMEll. PHILOS. SOC. XXIV. 125. B. PUINTED FEB. 2, 1887. 



