Stevenson.] *^ [March 18, 



nates nearly opposite Rocky gap or Wolf Creek gap, through Wolf Creek 

 mountain, where it cannot be more than a few rods distant from the 

 Wenonah. This was followed to somewhat less than twelve miles east 

 from New river. But both faults must extend several miles further than 

 the writer's examinations went. 



The Wenonah fault, whose course is shown by the Valley ridge of Wolf 

 Creek valley, is crossed by Wolf creek at a little way below Rocky gap, 

 but not again except, perhaps, above the " round bottom ;" it is crossed 

 by New river At Wenonah ; is touched by Big Stony creek at one mile 

 from the river, and its peculiarities are well shown at three miles from the 

 river on the road leading from Big to Little Stony creek. Where first seen, 

 this fault is in Knox limestone and holds a wall of Medina and Clinton in 

 its jaws. As one comes fi'om the " Wilderness " through Rocky gap of 

 Wolf Creek mountain, he finds the complete succession from Medina to 

 Knox limestone ; but within a mile below the gap he reaches the fault. 

 There the creek breaks through the Valley ridge, in which Medina is 

 shown with dip of eighty degrees, while on the lower, as on the upper side 

 of the ridge, Knox limestone is shown against the Medina. The wall of 

 Medina is wanting at Wenonah, where the fault shows Knox on both sides. 

 The Valley ridge shows two sets of faults instead of one at three miles 

 east from New river, where two lines of Medina are present. 



The Buckhorn fault, whose course is shown by Buckhorn mountain and 

 Little mountain, a ridge following the southerly foot of East River and 

 Peter's mountain, is crossed by the Wolf Creek road after passing through 

 the Valley ridge, nearly one mile below the Rocky gap. It is recrossed 

 on the hill overlooking Mr. Carpenter's house at say two miles and a half 

 frohi the gap. Thence, neither road nor creek touches the fault, though 

 they approach it closely at the Giles county line. It brings Medina or 

 Clinton into contact with Knox limestone. 



The lines of faulting are not exposed. A reversed dip is shown on the 

 north side of the Wenonah fault at one locality on Big Stony creek ; and 

 the Medina shows a flexure on the southerly side in the Wolf Creek 

 gap through the Valley ridge ; so that there is evidence of dragging at 

 both localities. The dips in the intervals between these faults rarely 

 exceed forty degrees and ordinarily are between twenty and twenty-five 

 degrees. The interval is but a few rods wide at the gap through the Val- 

 ley ridge, but beyond the New river it is nearly two miles. The faults 

 disappear at no great distance beyond the limits of the writer's examina- 

 tion, for in the Rogers section, an anticlinal is shown along the foot of 

 East River mountain in Craig county. 



The Souse and Barn Synclinal. 



Nothing was ascertained respecting the structure of this trough, which 

 seems to be less and less complicated eastward. East River mountain is 

 a monoclinal ridge with Medina as the backbone, and there must be a 



