Stevenson.] iU* [March 18, 



recognizable on the weathered surface. Concretionary sandstones con- 

 tinue below this and, at say 300 feet lower in the series, the upper con- 

 glomerate of the Chemung is shown, with not a few of its layers contain- 

 ing flattened pebbles. The concretionary structure gradually disappears 

 iQelow the conglomerate and many of the beds on the northerly side of 

 Cloyd's mountain are fossiliferous. The conglomerate forms the crest of 

 the mountain for nearly the whole length. The variegated flags and shale 

 in the lower part of the Chemung are reached quickly on the northerly 

 side of the mountain as the road descends- to the valley of Little Walker 

 creek. Exposures are fairly good in the valley and in the gap through 

 Big Walker mountain, but Oriskany was not recognized, so that, if present, 

 it must be very thin. Medina forms the great part of Big Walker moun- 

 tain and is fairly well exposed in the gap made by Little Walker creek. 



The Medina is well shown in the gap made through Big Walker moun- 

 tain by New river, where it appears to be in all not far from 375 feet 

 thick. Good exposures occur here between the mountains, but, if present, 

 the Oriskany and Lower Helderberg are so thin that they escaped obser- 

 vation. The Chemung beds are sufficiently well shown to make the con- 

 struction of a complete section by no means difficult to one doing syste- 

 matic work ; but no section was attempted by the writer, who began his 

 examination near the top of the group. 



The "point " of Cloyd's mountain in New River gap is at a little more 

 than eight miles from New River station on the main line. There the 

 Chemung conglomerate, which forms the backbone of the mountain, 

 comes down to the river and is exposed in a railroad cut. Behind it for 

 about 130 yai'ds — beyond which no examination was made — fragments of 

 the bluish-red sandstones of the Chemung are plentiful in the debris which 

 covers the mountain side. TMany of these fragments are fossiliferous and 

 the locality will prove to be a good one for the collector. The sandstones 

 are very hard and the fragments are used in ballasting the track from this 

 place almost to New River station. 



The upper conglomerate of the Chemung, as shown in this New River 

 gap through Cloyd's mountain, is not far from thirty feet thick. Its upper 

 part is well exposed, is about fifteen feet thick, very hard and coarse, with 

 pebbles often as large as a hen's egg, mostly of quartz and frequeutlj^ flat. 

 In some of the layers the longer axis of the pebbles is vertical to the plane 

 of bedding. The lower part is less hard, is conglomerate only in some 

 layers and has a rusty color on the weathered surface. The dip is almos* 

 south-east at fifty-five degrees. 



Ten feet of brownish sandstone are exposed at fifteen feet above this 

 conglomerate, but no further exposure occurs in a horizontal space of 

 about 1175 feet. Fragments with Chemung fossils are abundant in the 

 first 500 feet of this interval, but beyond that they become less plenty and 

 soon disappear, so that proof of Chemung is not likely to abound in the 

 upper half of this interval. 



The bottom of the undoubted Vespertine, the "Quarry rock " of Lesley 



