Packard.] Zb4: j-ggpt o 



Genera. Species. 



Garnivora [?) 1 1 



Artiodactyla 2 3 



Perissodactyla 6 7 



13 15 



For the very extensive and valuable collections of Uinta fossils now- 

 preserved in the Princeton museum, of which a brief account has been 

 given above, we are chiefly indebted to the energy and skill of Mr. 

 Francis Speir, Jr., of New York, who was in charge of the expedition of 

 1886. 



Geological Museum, Princeton, N. J., July 12, 1887. 



On the Systematic Position of the Mallophaga. By A. S. Packard. 

 {Read before the American Philosophical Society, September 2, 1SS7.) 



The true position of the bird-lice has been in debate for many years, 

 and it is only recently that, in the excellent essay of Grosse,* we have such 

 an exact account of the mouth- parts of these insects, as to enable us to 

 perceive that they have been wrongly referred to the Hemiptera. With 

 the new information aftbrded by Grosse, who does not himself add any 

 general conclusions as to tlie systematic position of the Mallophaga, be- 

 yond stating that they are not Hemiptera, nor allied to the true lice, we 

 have for our own satisfaction made some comparisons with the Psocidaj, to 

 which, among winged insects, the parasites in question seem nearest 

 allied. 



The name Mallophaga was first proposed by Nitzsch in Germar's "Mag. 

 derEntomologie," iil, 270, 1812. f In Gerstaecker's "Arthropoden" of Peters 

 and Carus' " Handbuch der Zoologie" (1863), where this group is placed 

 with the lice among the Hemiptera, it is stated that Burmeister regarded the 

 Mallophaga as Orthoptera : "Zwiscben welchen und den Hemipteren sie 

 in Anbetracht ihrer Verwandtschaft mit den Lausen ein Uebergangsglied 

 abgeben, ohne fiiglich einer von beiden Ordnungen direct zugewiesen 

 werden zu konnen." 



In our "Guide to the Study of Insects " (1868), and in subsequent 

 editions, influenced by general usage and also by Melnilcow's arguments, 

 based on embryological studies, we placed the Mallophaga among the 

 Hemiptera, next to the true lice. In most, if not all German, Dutch, and 

 French, as well as English text-books, the Mallophaga, if referred to, are 

 described with the true lice. But, in his article, "Insects," in the "Encyclo- 



* Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Mallopliagen. Von Dr. Franz Grosse. Zeits. fiir wissen. 

 Zool., xlii, 1885, pp. 530-558. A lengthy illustrated abstract by Prof. G. McCloskey will 

 be found in the American Naturalist, April, 1886, pp. .340-318. 



1 1 am indebted to Dr. Hagen for this reference to Kitzsch's paper. 



