Brinton.] o4: [April 19, 



Aiyan language and the latter one whose morphology is widely 

 different from members of the Caucasic stock, the suggestion 

 scarcely merits serious reception. The Etruscan, which has, of 

 course, been thought of in this connection, presents no points of 

 positiv^e affinity. Possibly if we knew something of the Ligu- 

 rian or the pre Italic dialects, we might discover a connection. 

 The Caucasic physical type is certainly that of the south of 

 Europe, rather than of the north.* 



The Aryan Stock. 



I take it as sufficiently demonstrated that the Aryan cradle- 

 land was in western Europe. Evidence of all kinds is constantly 

 accumulating in favor of this opinion, and I need not rehearse 

 it here.f 



In spite, however, of the indisputable relationship of the 

 Aryan tongues, the branches of the stock do now, and appar- 

 ently always have presented several distinct physical varieties. 

 Prof. KoUmann has claimed that there were at least four of these 

 in prehistoric Europe.]; Two certainlj' cannot be questioned. 

 There is the blonde type, with medium or long heads, orthog- 

 nathic, with fair or ruddy complexions, hair wav}' and brown, red 

 or flaxen in hue, eyes blue, gray or brown, stature tall, nose narrow 

 and prominent, beard abundant. Such in Europe are the Scan- 

 dinavians and Scotch Highlanders ; and in Asia such are the 

 Galchas and neighboring tribes, pure-blooded Iranians in the 

 secluded valleys of the upper Oxus.§ The modern Persians, in 

 spite of admixture, partake of it largelj', and hence the name 

 of contempt which the Turcomans apply to them, Ouzl-hash. — 

 " red heads." 



Another European type is that of the dark Celts. The}' are 

 brunettes, of short stature, with round, high heads, black eyes 



*The able archaeologist, M. De Morgan, confuses his readers by calling the Caucasians 

 • ' Turanians" — " Les Touraniens, ou blancs allophyles." He means by these the mem- 

 bers of what I call the Caucasic branch of the white race, and the map which he gives, 

 " Carte de I'Asie Antericure pour rEpoque Assyrienne," in which he marks the southern 

 limit of the Caucasic stoclc by a line drawn from the mouth of the Araxes to the Amanus 

 mountains, is, I am persuaded, quite accurate. The differences between us are in plirase- 

 ology only. See his Mission Scientifique au Caucase, pp. 197, 202, etc. 



tSee my Races and Peoples, p. 109, sq., for a condensed statement of the argumeut. 



tSee his article, " Les races huiaaines de I'Europe et la question arieune," in the Pro- 

 ceedings of the Congress of Prehistoric Archxologij, Moscow, 1892. 



I Wm. Geiger, Civilisation of the Eastern Iranians, p. 8. 



