1895.] J-'Jl [Brinton. 



Artbrnn, Artobriga, etc. Still more : when St. Domitian under- 

 took the conversion of the Celtic Segusiani, who lived in the 

 Auvergne mountains in France, he found what appears to have 

 been a sacred rock among them which was called Artemia ! *^ 



I have already referred to the Amazons as a Hittite class of 

 priestesses. Lieut, von Kaunenberg derives their name from 

 the Circassian 7naza, moon ; but this Circassian word is not from 

 a Caucasic, but an Aryan root, Sanscrit masa, " the measurer," 

 and was applied to the moon as the measurer of time, as Von 

 Erckert has abundantly shown. f The Amazons were indeed 

 the priestesses of the moon, but their name is Aryan strictly 

 and refers to their being devoted ad niasam, to the moon, as the 

 measurer of the nine months of pregnancy. 



This identification explains how it happened that in the yenv 

 279 B.C. a hoi'de of Gauls from central Europe crossed the Hel- 

 lespont, and proceeding to central Asia Minor, settled in a portion 

 of the ancient mat Halte^ from them ever since known as 

 " Galatia." | There they lived, retaining their own tongue with 

 the usual Celtic tenacity so completely that St. Jerome, seven 

 hundred years afterwards, says they were the only people of his 

 day in the whole of Asia Minor who did not speak Greek. § 



To sum up, then, the view I advocate is, that the Anatolians 

 proper were of the Celtic stem of the Aryan race ; that several 

 thousand years B.C. they came from the west and occupied the 

 valley of tiie Halys and more or less land to the east and south 

 of it, driving out, or subjecting and retaining, an earlier popu- 

 lation of the Caucasic (Lesghian) stock; that about 1200 B.C. 

 they were themselves overwhelmed by Semitic and Hellenic ad- 

 versaries ; that a portion of them rejoined the Celts of Europe ; 

 and that it was to make good some traditional, ancestral claim 

 that the descendants of these in 279 B.C. again possessed them- 

 selves of the basin of the Halys. || 



* " Usque ad petram quae Artemia dicitur." Zsuss, GrammaUca Celtica, p. 78. 



t Die Spracheji des Kaukasisclien Stammes, Bd. i, s. 103. 



I " Galatse" is from the Cellic root gal, violeut, and is translated by Zeuss " viri piig- 

 naces armati." Oram. Celt., p. 9&3, note. The authorities on this invasion are well 

 collated in Schliemann's Ilios. 



§This also explains the difficulty commented on by Dr. John Beddoe (The Races nf 

 Britain, p. 22) that various local names in Galatia and its neighborhood anterior to the 

 arrival of the Galatians appear to be from Celtic roots. Niebuhr's theory that the Gala- 

 tians were Teutons has now, I think, no defenders. 



IThe assertion of Scbliemann (in Ilios, p. 120), that " No Aryans were settled east of 

 the Halys before the eighth century B.C.," is possibly true if confined to Aryans of Hel- 

 lenic descent, but certainly not as a general statement. 



