1897.] DRAKE — THE GEOLOGY OF INDIAN TEREITORY. 371 



Evidences of faulting and sharp folding may be seen on either side 

 of the mountain along this section, and almost all through the 

 mountain along the St. Louis and San Francisco railway. These 

 orographic movements have metamorphosed the rock locally until 

 the sandstones are quartzites and the shales are hardened. Some 

 limestone concretions and boulders occur in the shales on the north 

 side of the mountain west of the head of Hanson creek and along 

 the railroad four or five miles southeast of Bengal. Occasional 

 chert concretions occur with the limestones. Porous, ferruginous 

 sandstones were found in a number of. places on the north face of 

 the mountains and they were usually found to be fossiliferous. The 

 rocks of Kiamichi valley southeast of Talihina appear to be princi- 

 pally dark gray clay shale. Some of this shale that was taken from 

 a well dug at the south side of Windingstair mountain, about ten 

 miles east of Talihina, was almost black and so crushed that every 

 piece showed "slickensides." 



The strata of the northern side of Kiamichi mountains bear a 

 close resemblance to and are possibly to be correlated with the mas- 

 sive sandstones of Black Fork mountain. Rich mountain and Wind- 

 ingstair mountain. Sec. 9 shows the structure and approximate 

 stratigraphy of the Kiamichi mountains at the point where they 

 were studied. 



Upper Coal Measures. 



Cavaniol Group. — This part of the Coal Measures is confined to 

 the area outlined on the map between the outcrops of the lowest 

 and the highest workable coal beds. From Arkansas this coal- 

 bearing belt extends westward into the Territory for a distance of 

 about sixty-five miles and divides into two belts, one of which 

 extends northward and the other south west ward. The belt 

 extending westward from Arkansas lies mainly to the south of 

 Arkansas river and has an average width of about forty miles. The 

 belt extending northward passes through the Creek and Cherokee 

 Nations into Kansas, and has an average width of about twenty-five 

 miles. It lies mainly on the west side of the Missouri, Kansas and 

 Texas railway. The southwest belt extends through the western 

 part of the Choctaw Nation, and has, in the area studied, an 

 average width of about fifteen miles. That part of the Cavaniol 

 group lying to the south and east of Canadian river will be referred 



