January I, 1917.] 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



'J7 



ceti is indicated, and adds that spermaceti contains a larger pro- 

 portion of cholestrols, organic alcohols which are found in the 

 unsaponifiable caoutchonc resins and which play an important 

 part in vulcanization by aiding the change of the sulphur to hy- 

 drosulplniric acid. As pure whale oil is composed largely of 

 oleine, margarine, cetine and phocenine, it is changed, during 

 vulcanization, partly, at least, into rubber substitute. 



CHEMICAL PATENTS. 



THE UNITED STATES. 



OHOE BOTTOM-FILLER. A plastic spreadable mass consist- 

 '"^ ing of a gelatinous, adhesive cement binder having a resin- 

 ous component and containing coagulated oil in a fragmentary 

 condition. When molded into a thin layer in a shoe-bottom 

 it sets quickly, forming a permanent, waterproof and highly 

 resilient cushion, strongly adhesive and cohesive in character, 

 and yielding freely in all directions to pressure without dis- 

 turbing its cohesiveness. [.\ndrew Thoma, Cambridge, Massa- 

 chusetts, assignor to the North American Chemical Co., a cor- 

 poration of Maine. United States Patent No. 1,203.435.] 



Self-Healing Composition. A composition for the inner tubes 

 of tires, comprising reclaimed rubber, pine tar and palm oil, the 

 mixture having a dense semi-pla.stic, semi-elastic, tacky consis- 

 tency free of pores and retaining these properties when heated 

 in contact with rubber containing sulphur. JJames P. Claire, 

 Stratham, New Hampshire. Cnited States patent Xo. 1,206,414.] 



Protective Coating. A composition consisting of liquid 

 gutta-percha, 20 per cent ; benzine, 15 per cent : ether, 25 per 

 cent; rye flour, 20 per cent, and plumbago, 20 per cent. [Walter 

 Schermcrhorn, Omaha, Nebraska. United States patent No. 

 1,204,697.] 



THE DOMINION OF CANADA. 



Watf.R! ROOFING COMPOSITION. A Composition of grease, wax 

 and rubber. [Joshua D. Trenaman, Hamilton, Ontario. Canada. 

 Canadian patent No. 171.770.] 



THE UNITED KINGDOM. 



Treatment if Late.x and Raw or Scrap Rubbek. The re- 

 moval of proteins and soft resins is effected by treatment, without 

 heating, with mi.xed solvents, alcohols and any form of oil 

 spirit, such as benzine or naphtha. The solvents may be applied 

 as a vapor or spray in a specified apparatus. The precipitated 

 rubber rises and is separated. The benzine which is absorbed 

 by the rubber dissolves the soft resins and soluble proteins, 

 but scarcely affects the hard resins and insoluble proteins which 

 it is desired to retain. During the crepeing most of the dissolved 

 resins and proteins are expressed. About 5 to 10 per cent of 

 benzine remains in the rubber. [C. A. Ilcken, British patent 

 .No. 8,487 (1915).] 



SiiBSTiTUTES FOR Ebonite AND HoRN. Treatment of yeast witli 

 formaldehyde or other aldehj'de. .-Ks an example, 1,000 parts 

 of yeast pulp containing 15 per cent of dry sulistance are mixed 

 with an acpieous solution of 20 parts of blood albumen and co- 

 agulated by boiling. The precipitate is mixed with 175 parts 

 of a 40 per cent solution of formaldehyde. The mixture is dried 

 and mixed with 10 parts of powdered glue, to which may be 

 added 75 parts of colophony and 8 parts of celluloid. The mix- 

 ture is dried and molded at a temperature above 95 degrees C. 

 and a pressure above LSO atmospheres. [H. Blucher, 31 Harden- 

 berg strasse, Leipzig, and E. Krause. E. 6 Sedan strasse, Steg- 

 litz, near Berlin, Germany. British patent No. 11,563 (1915).] 



Golf Balls. Gutta-percha, rubber or other material, with 

 center or layers incorporated of a radioactive substance, such 

 as pitch blend, etc. [E. Miller, E., 167 Oxford street, London. 

 British patent No. 11,509 (1915).] 



India Rubber. Latex is coagulated by treatment with the 

 gases from the destructive distillation of wood after removal of 

 the tar from the gases. [E. C. R. Marks, 57 Lincoln's Inn Fields, 

 London. British patent No. 11,615 (1915).] 



LABORATORY APPARATUS. 



FREAS ELECTRIC OVENS— IMPROVED. 



I 'WO new types of Freas electric ovens are now available. 



■*• One is designed for drying a large number of samples 

 simultaneously, or samples containing considerable moisture. 

 It is provided with a flue in the back wall above which is 

 placed a centrifugal fan driven by a motor supported on the 

 outside of the oven. This arrangement provides forced cir- 

 culation of heated air, and a forced withdrawal of moisture- 

 laden air, thereby creating more perfect conditions and 

 shortening the time required for drying. .Another type is 

 fitted with a cast aluminum perforated plate, which is re- 

 volved in the oven chamber by means of a motor. This 

 arrangement subjects the various samples to be tested (which 

 are placed on the revolving shelf) to the same constant tem- 

 perature. [Eimer & .Amend, New York City.] 



FILTER PAPERS. 



The short sup])ly of German filter jiapers for analytical 

 work has brought out a series of a dozen Whatman grades 

 of this stock of English manufacture, which are taking the 

 place of the well-known Schleicher and Schnell filter papers. 

 .All of the Whatman grades are guaranteed free of starch and 

 chlorine and are put up in sealed boxes. [Eimer & Amend, 

 New York City.] 



TABLE TOPS. 



.A very practical top for laboratory tables that has been in use 

 for the past five years at Dakota Wesleyan College, is described 

 by H. I. Jones in the "Journal of Industrial and Engineering 

 Chemistry." It consists of ordinary soft pine flooring on which 

 are laid two sheets of tar paper, covered with large sheets of 

 asbestos slate one-eighth inch in thickness. The asbestos is 

 screwed on, tlie holes being countersunk and filled above the 

 screw head with asbestos cement. Every year the table tops 

 are treated with a gasolene solution of paraffin sufficiently con- 

 centrated to set to a jelly consistency when cold. The solution 

 is brushed on hot. This paraffin treatment gives a polish but 

 is really unnecessary and adds nothing to the serviceability. 

 This style of top has the advantages of low first cost, long life, 

 and ready application by anyone. It is so poor a conductor of 

 heat that even thick glass containing hot liquids may be set 

 upon it without breaking. 



IMPROVED TEST TUBE AND FLASK BBfUSH. 



All improvement on the familiar sponge-end bristle test-tube 

 cleaner is found in the "Dolbey," a patented brush of long fiber 

 which fills and cleans thoroughly the inner surfaces of test-tubes 

 and flasks. [Edward P. Dolbey & Co., Philadelphia, Pa.] 



GOGGLES FOR FACTORY USE. 

 Kubber makers regularly engaged in bulling vulcanized rubber 

 might iirofitably use the style of protective goggle described by 

 J. R. de la Torre Bueno, of the General Chemical Co., in the 

 "Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry." His sugges- 

 tion for the ideal goggle provides for, ( 1 ) perfect protection 

 for the eye, (2) large field of vision, (3) comfort. The frame 

 or mask should be of flexible wire netting with flexible edges 

 bound with soft rubber tubing to conform to the facial contours, 

 riie glasses should be large and held in well-ventilated rubber 

 settings to prevent condensation of moisture and clouding. 



.According to the military correspondent of the "Lokal 



.Anzeiger," Berlin. Germany, the booty taken liy General von 



Falkcnhayn's forces at Crajova comprised oil. benzine and 

 rubber in quantities that exceeded expectations. 



