250 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



ll'KURl 



Trimethyleiic triamine, whicli reacting with sulphur, gives 

 (CH,), . (NH), + 6S r= 3CNHS + 3H,S, 

 which is a perfect sulphydric accelerating vitalizer, since it leaves 

 no residuary products. 



2. Pentamethvlene tetramine, 



cm 



which, reacting with sulphur, gives : 



(CH,). . (NH): . N= + lOS = 4CNHS + 4H,S + CS.. 

 3. Hexamethylene tetramine. 



Quinolinc, oxyquinoline and their salts must be classed in tht 

 same group, as they act in the same way. 



Most of tlic nitrated comi)ounds obtained in the immense series 

 of coloring matters, such as Bismarck brown or paranitraniline, 

 are capable of acting as accelerating vitalizers. 



It can be seen, therefore, that the number of substances which 

 can be used as catalyzers in the vulcanization of caoutchouc is 

 considerable, but a judicious choice must be made, taking into 

 consideration the conditions of temperature which cannot be 

 exceeded. 



A very wide choice of catalyzers is open to manufacturers, 

 and among these different kinds they will be able to find the 

 compounds they need, whatever may be the physical conditions 

 of vulcanization, dry heat or open-steam heat to accelerate its 

 speed, while considerably increasing the breaking strength of the 

 caoutchouc. 



NEW JERSEY CHEMICAL SOCIETY. 



CH^ 



CHu 



^k^ 



THE January meeting of the New Jersey Chemical Society was 

 held January 13, in Newark, New Jersey. Rubber was the 

 topic of the evening. 



"Catalysts in the Manufacture of Rubber Goods (A Story of 

 Accelerators)" was presented by George D. Kratz of Cuyahoga 

 Falls, Ohio. 



Mr. Kratz briefly reviewed the methods of obtaining planta- 

 tion rubber from latex and the resulting loss in resins, sugars 



'^^'- and proteins with impairment of the vulcanizing qualities of the 



, . , . . , , , rubber product, 



which, reactnig with sulphur, gives : ..c- a • c- t, »• ^ r -o ui, •> u t-. c j ■ i 



,^TT ^ X- 1 r>c- t,i—Kjzjc\ I ^Tj c r rxj — r-u Some American Substitutes for Rubber, by Dr. Frederick 



,, , , i • • • 1 • 1- u I i 1 Dannerth, of Newark, New Jersev. covered the story of rubber 



Hexamethylene tetramine gives, in vulcanization, absolutely re- , . , ■ , r ' . ■ , ,r . • j 



, , , , f ^, ■ ., r • r 1- 11 1 manufacture with special reference to national self-containedness 



markable results from the point of view of time as well as of , . .■ , , t, •. j c. . j j uu 



, , , . , 01 the continental Lnited states as regards crude rubber, 



increase of breaking strength. i j -^u i u -lj /-i /-u ■. c -kj 



. . ^ J £ 1 » »• ; . /;ri „ »„ „:a^ ^! The meeting closed with remarks by H. O. Chute, of New 



A mixture composed of plantation crepe, 60 parts; oxide of " . . . •[ ' . 



TA . 1 u c ^ i „A Uo^o™«fi,„i^„» fo^o.,,;^,. 1 ^oTk City, on the patent situation with respect to organic vul- 



zinc, 34 parts; sulphur, 5 parts, and nexametnylene teramine, 1 . . 



part, under three atmospheres of pressure, gives, in 50 minutes, «nization accelerators. 



a perfectly vulcanized caoutchouc, of which the physical con- ^^^ CARBON black situation. 



stants are as follows: During the last half dozen years carbon black has become 



Breaking strength per square millimeter 3.170 grams ^.^^^ important to the rubber trade, especially in the manufacture 



Elongation at break ^J ^j automobile tires. Its annual production in the United States, 



Permanent elongation. . . •■■••••.■■.• /■^■^^ derived entirely from natural gas, is placed at about 36,000,000 



In the condensation of the amines and the im.nes with the ^^^^^ Formerly the larger portion of carbon black was used 



aldehydes we condense an aldehyde of the fat series with an .^ ^^^ n,anufacture of printing ink; now, however, the rubber in- 



amine or irn.ne of the aromatic series and vice versa. ^^^^ ^^^ 



The products of the addition of sulphide of carbon with cer- ^ri tt ■» j c- . t~ , \ j ■ ■ . ■ t i t j 



. , ^ , . . ,. ,.,. The United States Fuel .\dniinistration has recently appealed 



tain bases and certain amines also give very good vitalizers. ^ ^, ^ . .. r ^. r ^ r u ui' i ■ .,1. 



, J ,. . ,. , to the patriotism of the manufacturers of carbon black in the 



Among these we can mention the products of addition of the . , ^ ijr ^ ■.?• • • » u 1 • ^i. •• r 



, , . , ,. , .. , , .... „ „ J. , , J important West Virginia areas to help in the conservation of 



sulphide of carbon to dimethylamine with the BB dimethyl, and , , t r i.- u • t-u- 1 



, ., , j-rr ui • T-i natural gas, the supply of which IS growing scarcer. This appeal 



methyl tnmethylene imine with the different cobaltammes. These , , \ ■ ,■,',■ -^ r ^- j -^i 



... r , r , has been met in a liberal spirit of cooperation and with pecuniary 



last substances are vitalizers of the first rank. .^ .1. ^ r .lu r » 



, . , r ■ ,■ , , I . J J ■ sacrifices on the part of the manufacturers. 



In this class of vitalizers we must place the sulphurated den- t .i.- x- -^ t. u u ^ j ii. ^ ^i. 1 ^ j 



, . , . , , , . , , . In this connection it should be noted that the largest producer 



vates of urea, such as sulphourea, which, with sulphide of carbon, r ^ 1,1 1 u 1 j j 1 i ^ f -nr ^ 



of carbon black has already moved one large plant from West 



gives very goo resu s . ^ 2CSNH -4- H S Virginia to Louisiana; has closed down a second, and will re- 



V, • 'H ' "T » • locate the remainder outside the state. The gas thus saved will 



' ^^ rCH <;"i ^^ distributed to various communities for fuel purposes. Certain 



, . , , , . , , , ~ , . of the West Virginia plants, however, will be run at full capacity 



which, heated with sulphur, gives the reaction: ... .^ , ^ , . .u- 



NH = C(H.S). + S = CNHS + 2H'S. till November first of this year 



_, . r J- -^ -c J r iu • .,. t i The removal of the carbon black industry to sections remote 



The products of dinitrification of the amines act as complete , ^, , ^ . ^ 1. -. ■ j -n . ^ 



, . ... , . ^ ^i. -xi. ..1 1 L from the manufacturing centers where it is used will operate to 



accelerating vitalizers, their oxygen together with the sulphur . .^ . ^, ^ . . r • 1.. i. .1- .1. . • 



, . , , .. ° ° . ^. .'^ raise its price through increased freight on both the packing 



producing sulphurous acid. The t3fpe is the paranitroso . > , ■ , 



J,- .,. 1 -I- • . J- J i u 1 • .1, and the material. 



dimethylaniline, an intermediary product well known in the man- 



ufacture of coloring substances. REMOVAL OF AUTOMOBILE PROHIBITION IN STRAITS 



QYi^ SETTLEMENTS. 



O = N — CH, — N <^rjj' The proclamation of May 16, 1917, which prohibited the im- 



With sulphur, the reaction is as follows : ' portation into Straits Settlements and the Federated Malay States 



[CH I of automobiles, parts and accessories thereof, has been revoked, 



O = N — C,H< — N \CH, J , + 13S = 4NCHS + 2H,S according to a cablegram of December 9 from the American Con- 



+ SO, + 4CS, + 4 (CH^CH) sul General at Singapore. 



