Ai'RiL 1, 1919.] 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



357 



the shape and size to make up into single boxes. The working the staying material, sometimes cloth, but usually a tough paper 



of the scoring and cutting-machine is interesting. A sheet is fed especially made for this purpose from rope stock. This stock is 



under the series of circular knives or scorers, and emerges with cut just the right width to go around the corners, and is then 



deeply indented lines where folds are needed. As soon as the attached to the back of the cover strip as it goes forward. The 



Fl(, 1 MxdUMs 



sheet has passed completely through, it automatically starts the 

 mechanism that carries it at right angles through another series 

 of scorers and cutters, the former completing the scoring, and the 

 latter cutting the strips apart. These strips represent the two 

 sides and bottom of a large single box or of two smaller boxes. 

 OLD AND NEW METHODS COMPARED. 



The old-fashioned way of making a box was to make the ends, 

 sides and bottoms of one piece, the flat shape resembling, t(f some 

 extent, an exaggerated cross. Modern conservation, however, 

 has resulted in eliminating the great waste of cutting out four 

 square pieces the full height of the box by making the ends sepa- 

 rate, and attaching them later to flanges on the larger part. 

 Therefore, the strip which comes from the scorer and cutter is 

 Therefore, the strip which comes from the scorer and cutter is 

 slightly wider than the length of the box, and is scored length- 

 with crosswise scorings where the sides bend up from the bottom. 



These flat sheets are next taken to a corner-cutting and miter- 

 ing machine, where miter-shaped triangles are cut out at the 

 intersections of the scorings and the sheets thus made ready for 

 the next operation. A machine takes these sheets, presses them 

 so as to turn all the scorings, spreads adhesive on the turned 

 flanges, and firmly attaches the box-ends, which are automatically 

 fed from piles placed in the machine. Two girls keep the ma- 

 chine supplied with box-parts, and enable it to turn out thousands 

 of boxes per day. These boxes, made of rough chip-board or 

 mill-board, are to be covered with glazed paper, and here ma- 

 chinery has enabled greatly increased output and exact 

 uniformity. 



THE CORNER-STAYING PROCESS. 



Naturally, the corners are the weak spots in such boxes, and 

 corner-staying consists of pasting a strip of tough-fibered paper 

 around each corner, or placing metal corners or inserting wire 

 staples. The latest covering machinery, however, combines the 

 corner-staying and the covering in one process. The boxes are 

 placed, one at a time, on a form adjusted to fit the box. The 

 glazed paper strip is fed from a roll, glue applied to its under 

 side, and fed along, that the paper may be properly "tempered" 

 to prevent tearing, yet be of the right adhesive state to stick at 

 once and smoothly. Meanwhile, from another roll, is applied 



Scoring, and Printing Cartons. 



box, or cover, is on the revolving form ready to receive the strip 

 which is cut off at just the right length to overlap the ends. In 

 covering box-lids the operator runs her forefinger along in front 

 of the paper to lay the flange of the cover flat upon the form. 

 THE TOPPING MACHINE. 

 Xexl conies a topping machine which cuts, pastes, and applies 

 the glazed-paper top to the lids, thus giving them the required 

 finish. The machine is so built and adjusted that the paper is 

 stretched just the right amount and "tempered" to tit properly, 

 lie smoothly and dry flat, giving the lids a finished appearance. 

 Such are the manipulations through which a common paste-board 

 box must pass. Besides these, it must be labeled. A label may 

 be pasted on, or it may be printed on the end of the box itself, 

 and for this latter purpose an adaptation of the common job- 

 printing press has been evolved. 



MAKING PRINTED CARTONS. 



So much for boxes which are covered. Besides these there 

 are thousands of cartons made of more flexible, but touglier, 

 stock, having a finish that will take printing, and present a hand- 

 some appearance. This stock is fed into a scoring and printing 

 press, which cuts out the cartons, scores ihem and prims the 

 sides and the label on the ends. Each revolution of the press 

 produces six cartons, delivered in the flat, scored for folding, 

 which are then cut apart with shears. These cartons, being ol 

 lighter stock, are corner-stayed by means of machines which cu 

 small lengths of wire from coils and insert them as staples, si? 

 being used on each carton, which then drops, finished, upon S 

 conveyor belt, and is transported to the packing department. 



A NEW RUBBER GOODS FACTORY IN BRAZIL. 

 According to consular reports, after the present war, a larg{ 

 American concern, holding a concession from the Governmen' 

 of Brazil, will build an important rubber goods factory in Ric 

 de Janeiro. 



NEW SWEDISH RUBBER FACTORY. 

 A new factory which will manufacture rubber goods is 

 under way at Landskrona, Sweden. It is being erected by the 

 Aktiebolaget Landskrona Gummifabrik. 



