June 1, 1919.] 



THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 



The same principle applies to the production of narrow belts 

 and straps, cordage, shoe laces, etc. The cordage may be used 

 in weaving or braiding fire-hose coverings which will not be 

 subjected to mildew and water rot. The processes also cover 

 new methods of making shoe soles, one of cotton or other vege- 

 table fibers and the other utilizing waste leather and recon- 

 structing it to give as good wear as real leather. In fact there 

 seems hardly a product into which leather or woven fabrics 

 enter which may not find use for these new processes. 



The above relates only to unwoven fabric which contains 

 no twisted threads or cords nor woven goods. The processes 

 covering the use of cords and threads cannot be' explained in 

 detail at this time, but it may be said that it is possible to place 

 cords or threads in any predetermined design combined with 

 the fiber sheets or without the fiber sheets and at less cost than 

 woven goods can be produced. In this process the rubberizing 



inventor intends offering his processes to the trade under royalty, 

 as he does not contemplate engaging in manufacturing the 

 products. 



Artifici.\l Leather Backed with Unwoven Fabric. 



is not considered in comparison, inasmuch as all such fabric 

 must be rubberized and the same methods now in use are 

 employed. 



Consideration of the known weaknesses of woven fabric, 

 especially with regard to the bending strain when it is brought 

 under tensile strain, seem to make an unwoven fabric, which 

 may be used in the same manner as woven fabric, especially 

 desirable. Moreover, the use of straight cord or thread in a 

 square yard of fabric would allow the employment of approxi- 

 mately 25 per cent additional threads in each direction as com- 

 pared with woven goods in which the thread or cords must bend 

 to one- half circle every other thread. The fact that any strain 

 on straight cords must be entirely tensile on each thread and 

 will not have the bending strain that occurs in woven fabrics 

 should be in favor of the straight-line thread or cord fabric. 



These processes also cover a matted thread or cord unwoven 

 fabric in which no straight lines appear but which is entirely 

 made up of overlapping curves in predetermined matted design 

 and the fabric may be made to be used in the construction of a 

 tire, the exact width required for each size, without cutting at 

 angles, lengthwise of the fabric, and such fabric may be made 

 rapidly and economically in any tire factory with very little 

 additional cost in equipment. This construction gives extraord- 

 inary strength and resiliency and may be produced for less 

 than the cost at w-hich woven goods can be made" and sold. 



Another process covers a fabric of entirely new construction, 

 unlike any fabric now known, and which will make a super-tire. 

 Threads or cords are employed and the fabric may be made i»i 

 any rubber factory by the addition of inexpensive machinery. 



All the processes require very few special machines, and 

 such as may be required are simple adaptations of machinery 

 now in use for other purposes. 



Matters of this kind which may become important to the entire 

 industry are of general interest as affording great possibilities 

 through future development. It is of interest to know that the 



USEFUL HINTS FOR THE RUBBER LABORATORY. 



By D. Repony. 



A CETONE. Directly after acetone has been received it should 

 •** be redistilled and afterwards kept in a tin can or dark- 

 colored bottle, otherwise it becomes oxidized when exposed to 

 the light and will leave residue upon evaporation, which will give 

 false results by acetone extraction. 



Evaporating Gasoline. As directed by the Underwriters' 

 specifications for gasoline hose, the gasoline from hose immer- 

 sion should be evaporated to dryness, which is difficult, due to 

 the high boiling series. This is, however, easily accomplished 

 by blowing compressed air over the gasoline surface. Should 

 the volatilization required be greatly accelerated, introduce at a 

 convenient place in the rubber tubing a piece of metal piping and 

 heat this portion with a gas burner. The heated air volatilizes 

 the gasoline rapidly. 



Rubber Samples. The rubber sample for alcoholic potash 

 extraction should be ground to small particles. When the sam- 

 ple is cut by scissors the large pieces require long boiling for 

 complete extraction, and this is especially the case in such rub- 

 ber compounds as contain but a low percentage of fatty 

 substitute. 



Scorched Rubber. Rubber scorched during mixing or cal- 

 endering can be recognized upon immersing in gasoline, where it 

 will swell considerably, but will not paste in uniform collodial 

 cement. 



The Best Solvent. Boiling kerosene is by far the most prac- 

 ticable and cheapest solvent for vulcanized rubber. 



Cleaning Flasks. Flasks after acetone extraction are easily 

 cleaned by first pouring in a few drops of benzol and afterwards 

 a few cubic centimeters of crude nitric acid. Heat the charge 

 on steam bath and then wash it out with water. 



Distinguishing Rubber from Balata. To distinguish with 

 accuracy whether the belting in question is rubber or balata, 

 immerse one ply in chloroform. Balata will paste in solution, 

 and float on the surface, while rubber will swell considerably but 

 will not paste in solution. 



Paint for Hoods. Metal or wooden hoods, or exhaust pipes 

 which come in contact with acid fumes, are best preserved by 

 being occasionally painted by asphalt benzol solution. 



Analytical Balances. The vibration of a building, influenc- 

 ing the proper action of an analytical balance is avoided by 

 placing a glass plate on sponge rubber legs. The glass plate 

 should be considerably longer so that the legs of the balance 

 rest about S inches from the sponge rubber legs toward the 

 center. 



Tacky Rubber. To prevent tacky rubber from sticking to the 

 extraction thimble, remove the wet sample directly after the ace- 

 tone extraction, and dry it on a weighed watch glass. 



Carbon Bisulphide. Carbon disulphide employed for quan- 

 titative extraction, should be freshly redistilled and the extrac- 

 tion should be performed by night, if possible. 



Castor Oil. Castor oil, comparative with all other oils, has a 

 very slight effect upon rubber, therefore it is best employed as a 

 lubricant for such parts as are in connection with rubber. 



Laboratory Tubing. The most durable rubber tubing for lab- 

 oratory use is of a rubber compound that contains a high per- 

 centage of paraffin and asphalt with the lowest possible content 

 of free sulphur. 



"The power a man puts into saving measures the power 

 of the man in everything he undertakes."— (Frank .A.. Vander- 

 lip.) Buy W. S. S> 



