RUSSIA. 



THE RKSUIvTS OF INTERIOR COLONIZATION IN FINI.AND. 



{Concluded) (i). 



§ 5. The component parts of the property of coeonists. 



Having distinguished between the two factors in colonization in Fin- 

 land, the man and the land, and studied them in every aspect, we will now 

 turn our attention to the results of their joint action, and the question 

 of whether or to what extent they advance the work of colonization. We 

 will do it best by inspecting more closely the individual forms of capital 

 which go to make the complex assets and h abilities of farming and also the 

 capital invested in households, secondary businesses and the like. From the 

 increase and decrease of such capital and groups of capital, from the 

 changes suffered by all assets from the time the colonists' lots were taken 

 over until the close of the enquiry, we will attempt to construct a picture 

 of the results attained by the new Finnish colonists and of their limitations. 

 We will examine the component parts of the property in the order in which 

 these were placed at the eiid of § 2. 



I. Capital in real estate of the farms. 



The capital in real estate is composed of capital in land, capital in soil 

 and capital in buildings. 



a) Capital in land. When the lots were taken over the average gross 

 price a hectare (2) for the total 219,628 hectares comprised by all the land of 

 the colonies, and for the appurtenant buildings, woods and hunting and fish- 

 ing rights, varied according to the grant from yy to 136 Finnish marks (3). 

 The average price a hectare in the seven colonies investigated was, as we have 

 already seen (4), 86 Finnish marks, that is 22 per cent less than the general 

 price. The price of land was of course distincly higher in the case of torp 

 holdings which had already been long settled before the beginning of the 



(i) The first part of this article appeared our issue for November 191 6. 



(2) A hectare = 2 acres i rd. 35.383 pos. 



(3) 1.2611 Finnish marks = is at par. 



(4) International Review of Agricultural Economics, November 1916, page 119. 



