THE RESULTS OF INTERIOR COLONIZATION IN FINLAND 



97 



The Capital in Live Stock on Holdings of Different Sizes. 



c) The capital in other stock. 



Unlike the capital in the groups hitherto examined that in stock other 

 than live stock has remained unaltered on the colonists' farms, and is even 

 found to have undergone a slight diminution if its average for one hectare 

 be reckoned. This is chiefly due to the circumstance that the inventory 

 was taken at the end of the period of enquiry and therefore in the summer, 

 a time when stock is notoriously at its lowest in farms. Further the beds of 

 manure were reckoned as constituting not capital in stock but capital 

 in soil. 



In the 85 lots investigated the capital in stock was of the value of 8,882 

 Finnish marks, averaging 105 Finnish marks for a lot and 10.51 for a hec- 

 tare of arable and meadowland. The increase relatively to the outgoings 

 varied according to the colonies. 



In NipuU and Kaskipaa colonies the capital in stock diminished in va- 

 lue from 103 to 80 Finnish marks a lot, while in Seppala and Sippola it 

 increased from 92 to no Finnish marks. The increase depends cliiefly on 

 the presence of woodland products, such as firewood, building materials, etc. 



d) Co-operative shares and cash. 



The co-operative shares of the colonists on the investigated lots were 

 very trifling : when the land was taken over their value averaged 3 Fin- 

 nish marks for a lot and, on i July 1912, 13 Finnish marks, giving an in- 

 crease of 10 Finnish marks. In Sippola and Kaskipaa such average value 

 was almost three times that of the general average, being 27 and 29 Finnish 

 marks,but in Muddais on the other hand there was no co-operative enterprise 

 whatsoever. 



As regards capital in cash it was naturally greater when the lots were 

 taken over than on i July 1912, when the enquiry closed. The money which 



