104 



RUSSIA - AGRICULTUKAl, ECONOMY IN GENKKAL 



taken over and at the close of the period of enquiry. The net profit will 

 then appear. 



For whole area. 



Before lands were taken over . . . 

 After » » » » . . . 

 On I July 1 91 2 



Average for i lot. 

 Before lands were taken over . . . 

 After » » » » . . . 

 On I July 1 91 2 



Average for i hectare cultivated land. 

 Before lands were taken over . . . 

 After » » » «... 

 On I July 1912 



From this it appears that assets, liabilities and net profits were notably 

 increased during the period of enquiry. The relative values of single assets 

 and their alteration can be seen from the following figures ; 



Before After 



lands were taken over lands were taken over 



I July 1912 



Farming 



Household 



Secondary businesses .... 



Personal possessions 



Debts recoverable by colonists 



Total . . 



60.9 % 



3.2 % 



19.6 % 



16.3 % 



100 % 



80.3 % 



1.6 o/^ 



9-9 % 



8.2 o/„ 



100 o/^ 



86.6 % 



1-4 % 

 1.6 % 



5.1 % 

 5.3 % 



100 % 



The largest part of this property was thus bound up with farming and 

 its proportion to the whole capital invested increased from 60.9 per cent. 

 before the land was taken over to 86.6 per cent, on i July igi2. 



In the individual colonies the course of this process was various, ac- 

 cording to whether before the lots were taken over there were already farms 

 on their sites or not. In Koskipaa, Nipuli and Siikajarvi the colonists found 

 small farms ready-made at the time of colonization, and therefore the 

 farming capital in these places was already considerable before the land was 

 taken over. The same holds good for Seppala colony where most of the 

 colonists were previously torpars. Conditions were different in the colo- 

 nies of Muddais, Sippola and Takkula where, before the land was taken 



