THE QUESTION OF FORESTRY IIQ 



4) The use of mountain pasturages and the utihzation of acorns are 

 limited as to season and area. The Forest Administration fixes the parti- 

 cular woodland and the time — that is when and where the animals may 

 graze. 



In addition to these rules, determining the utilization of the State 

 woods, the law of 1891 is concerned with the communal woods and those 

 in private ownership. Felling in communal woods is conditioned as in 

 State woods. In woods in private ownership the conditions are a little 

 less strict but in these also only trees indicated by the competent Forest 

 Administration may be felled. 



* 

 * * 



The official statistics distinguish between wood cutting of three kinds : 

 i) w^oodcutiing for firewood ; 



2) woodcutting for domestic uses ; 



3) woodcutting for commercial and industrial objects. 



By woodcutting] for firewood is meant only the cutting done by the 

 peasants, to obtain wood winch they or their families burn or which they 

 sell in the towns in small quantities. 



By woodcutting for domestic uses cutting done by peasants is also 

 meant, in this case in order that they may make furniture or utensils or 

 parts of agricultural tools (§ 46-50) (i). 



Woodcutting for commercial and industrial objects comprises : 



a) Such felling of large quantities of timber as is habitual to mer- 

 chants. 



b) The woodcutting of industrial workers and labourers whose 

 material is wood. 



c) Woodcutting by merchants dealing in wood. 



Woodcutting for firewood and domestic uses and woodcutting by 

 workmen whose material is wood occur in all the departments, in the State 

 woods as in the communal woods and in those in private ownership. 



Woodcutting by merchants dealing in wood takes place especially in 

 the departments of Golubaz and Alessinaz where more than 80 per cent, 

 of the timber felled altogether in Old Serbia is cut down. 



Woodcutting for purposes of industry and by merchants dealing in 

 wood takes place in the departments of Baina Bascta, Uzize, Pascka, Kral- 

 jevo, Procuplje, Kruscevaz and Pirot. In Prouplje and Kruscevaz oak- 

 wood is cut down, in all the others firwood. Both kinds of felling take 

 place almost exclusively in the State woods ; such felling in the communal 

 and private woods is quite negligible. 



(i) While natural economy was in foice woodcutting for domestic uses had a great 

 importance which however is now diminishing more and more. 



