84 NOTICES RELATING TO AGRICULTURAI, ECONOMY IN GENERAL, 



Therefore an aga will have, equally with his kmet, a right to two thirds of 

 the ciflic holding on which both have claims. Having estabhshed this cir- 

 cumstance the author points out that the kmet might very well also, like 

 the aga, content himself with three fifths of the holding instead of the two 

 thirds which would fall to him in the manner described. The small loss 

 he would thus suffer would be outweighed by a special advantage. For 

 before the exemplified division of the ciflic holding of 60 dunum he would be 

 obliged to bear the expense of cultivating land of that extent ; whereas 

 after such division he would, as has already been explained, have a free 

 property of an area of only 40 dunum and the costs of his fanning would 

 be proportionately diminished. 



After all that h?s been said it is easy to understand that the author has 

 been able to establish, on the basis of an exact principle, the following for- 

 mula which gives the desired key to a just division of ciflic lands between the 

 aga and the kmeti 



'U -+- 'U = I V5 (!)• 



This formula signifies, translated into ordinary language : i) that the 

 area which either an aga or a kmet would have the right to hold in free 

 proprietorship is represented by three fifths of the total area of a ciflic 

 holding ; 2) that this holding should therefore receive an addition equal to 

 one fifth of its area. 



The question therefore arises — Who should furnish at the time of the 

 division of a ciflic holding this missing fifth which is necessary to equity ? 

 The author answers unhesitatingly that it is the part of the State to in- 

 tervene and provide the needed territorj^ He affirms that such interven- 

 tion is possible because the State posseses in Bosnia and Herzegovina 

 large extents of land which now yield hardly any profit. Such are indeed 

 the 571,635 hectares (2) which are used only for the pasturage of live stoci: 

 and the other 212,700 hectares which are overgrown with woods and bush- 

 es. The State is therefore fully able to provide the 94,346 hectares which 

 would, according to the author, allow the proposed agrarian reform to be 

 applied without injury to any private interests. 



The author adds that the reform should include the preservation of 

 the emanicipated properties from too great subdivision, especially those of 

 them which would fall to agas. The better to attain this end the agas and 

 the kmeti should be encouraged to accept this second part of the projected 

 reform by the grant of an amount of land somewhat in excess of that to 

 which they really would have right. Therefore the author proposes that 



(i) It should be noted that the author in establishing this formula has not taken intoaccotmt: 



a) that the value of the products belonging to the aga is a net value while that accruing 

 to the kmet is a gross value ; 



b) that in speaking of the division of the products between the aga and the kmet the re- 

 ference is to the principal products of the soil whereas the secondary products (of the vegetable 

 garden, orchard etc), and the profits derived from stock raising accrue to the kmet only. 



(2) 1 hectare = 2.47 acres. 



