534 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



decrease of thirty-three per cent. And creamery butter showed an advance 

 of three cents per pound. Always in the past the make of oleomargarine 

 has increased with the advance of butter in price. The oleomargarine 

 people admit this and say that if it had not been for the passage of this 

 law they would have increased their production thirty-three per cent 

 instead of decreasing thirty-three per cent. Their falling off for the six 

 months ending January 1, amounted, as I have said to 140,000 tubs. There- 

 fore, the falling off in the United States was 280,000 tubs. This amounts 

 to 560 cars, or a train about six miles long. There is no question but what the 

 oleogargarine law had an immediate effect as soon as it was passed, upon 

 the price of butter. Speculators come into the market in the anticipation 

 of the rise and paid an almost unprecedented price for June butter, from 

 three to four cents per pound higher than the year before. The price of 

 creamery butter during the year 1902 averaged 3.2 higher than in the 

 year before. The butter of the United States amounts in one year to 

 1,500,000,000 pounds. The increased price of the produce in the United 

 States therefore at three cents per pound is $45,000,000. Now if we have 

 just the amount of butter needed for the trade you can get almost your 

 own price for it, but if there is a supply coming in all the time the prices 

 invariably run down, so taking 560 cars of butter out of the market has 

 had the effect of giving us, I think, the best butter market we have ever 

 known. 



Now in connection with our work it is my duty to say to you some 

 things which may not find the audience altogether in harmony. We have 

 fought in congress for four years to get a measure through. We have had 

 the entire support of the butter interests of the United States. When 

 we came to the test vote we only had one vote to spare. It is going to be 

 absolutely necessary for us to have the law of 1902 amended to stop up 

 the loop holes the oleomargarine manufacturers will escape through. In 

 handling national affairs we must look to those people who are accustomed 

 to managing large things, and follow to a certain extent their example. 

 For instance, 1 had the pleasure a couple of years ago of meeting William 

 J. Bryan on my way to Washington. And he said he had been taught 

 a lesson regarding the dairy business which would make him careful 

 of what he did in the future. He said he was at a convention one time in 

 Missouri and the convention was torn up on the question of breeds. The 

 question of Jersey cows was under consideration, and a man, a Holstein 

 breeder, got up and said: "Yes, you take a pail and go out to milk and 

 you put a silver dollar in the pail and start to milk, and when you get 

 done milking and have just enough milk to cover the silver dollar you may 

 know it is a Jersey." And a man, a breeder of Jersey cattle, got up and 

 said: "You take a pail and put a silver dollar in the bottom and go out 

 to milk, and when you have milked the pail brim full and you look down 

 and see the silver dollar in the bottom, then you may know you have been 

 milking a Holstein." Mr. Bryan said when he went to farming, knowing 

 the wrangle about the different breeds, he went around and selected a 

 couple from every bred. He said he had all kinds of cattle in his herd 

 and was not discriminating against any breed. 



