552 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



Concerning the details connected with the sampling of milk little need 

 to be said. Suffice it to say that in order to get a fair and correct composite 

 sample from each patron's milk, a sample which represents the quality 

 and forming a certain proportionate part thereof must be taken. This 

 can not be accomplished by the use of a dipper, but a milk thief, or a 

 sampling tube must be used instead. To illustrate If a patron should 

 deliver 200 pounds of milk testing 3 per cent fat one day. Another day he 

 delivers 100 pounds of milk testing 5 per cent. If a dipper full is taken 

 from each for a composite sample the test of that sample will be 3 plus 5 

 divided by 2, or 4 per cent. According to the composite sample taken those 

 300 pounds of milk delivered will contain 12 pounds of butter fat. In 

 reality 6 pounds were delivered in the 200 pounds of milk and 5 pounds 

 of fat in the 100 pounds of milk, making a total of 11 pounds of fat. Thus 

 we see that the "dipper system" is not reliable, and in this case the patron 

 was paid for 1 pound of butter fat too much for two days delivery, and 

 only 300 pounds of milk; and as there are more reliable methods of samp- 

 ling milk, which will give an accurate test when the quality of milk varies, 

 it is wise to abolish the system which is likely to give erroneous results. 



There are other points which might be dwelt upon, such as how to pre- 

 serve composite samples in the best condition, how large a sample to take 

 each day, how much preservative to use, how often to test the sample and 

 how best to sample frozen, churned and coagulated milk. Such details- 

 in the receiving and sampling of milk are many, and it requires presence 

 of mind, judgment and skill in order to accomplish them all well. Even 

 with those requisites, interest in the business and a firm purpose of suc- 

 cess in view are necessary perquisites in order to perform them all well. 



President: We have aboul eight minutes left to fire questions 

 at him. Now ask him any questions you want to. 



Mr. Sawyer: In sampling milk and using the clipper — I 

 believe thai is the general practice now — in using the dipper is 

 (hero liable t<> \w enough inaccuracy to warrant the use of the 

 milk sampling tube? Is there any inaccuracy to amount to any- 

 thing in using the dipper '. 



Mr. Larsen: Yes, as :i general thing. There may not he in 

 every case, but if a patron finds out about it he may deliver cream 

 one day and skimmilk the next and it might amount to a great 

 many hundred dollars. So long as the quality of the milk is the 

 same every day it would not make any difference what kind of a 

 sample you used. 



M b. Anderson : In the illustration which you gave — which v\ n- 

 ;i very good one — illustrating that the samples tested a little less, 

 has there been any actual test at your station, or elsewhere that 



