ELEVENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK -PART VII 351 



They came and we showed them what we had accomplished, and they were 

 able to start from where we were and did not have to work it out for 

 themselves. All the states mentioned below have done more or less along 

 the line of serum manufacture: Iowa, Minnesota, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, 

 Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Missouri, Arkansas, Kentucky, Ten- 

 nessee, Delaware, New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, North Dakota and 

 South Dakota. Some have made quite a large amount of serum and I am 

 glad to say that every state has had results similar to our own. Every 

 state has made good serum and has been able to go out and cut short the 

 disease. Dr. Koto has a serum plant almost ready for operation in the 

 suburbs of Des Moines and would be glad, I suppose, to have you visit 

 it. I do not know what hi's method of distribution will be but the state 

 of Iowa has made an appropriation and put it in charge of Dr. Koto and 

 his plan is to supply the serum to Iowa farmers at actual cost. In many 

 states it is distributed free of charge. 



This is the situation at the present time. There is no question what- 

 ever but that by the use of hyper immune serum hog cholera can be 

 stamped out. If you will write to your congressman you can get a copy 

 of the twenty-fifth annual report of the Bureau of Animal Industry and 

 in it you will find the treatment of the fifty herds described and a num- 

 ber of other articles which you will find of interest." 



The doctor then read the plan for stamping out the disease as 

 outlined by Dr. Melvin and published in a bulletin of the Bureau 

 of Animal Industry. 



In discussing this subject at the close of the doctor's address C. 

 R. Moore, of Kellerton, Iowa, asked: "Do you notice any ill effects 

 whatever from the vaccination on the hog?" 



Dr. Niles replied to this as follows: "I did not bring out the 

 fact in my talk that there are two methods of vaccination. It has 

 been found that the use of the hyper immune serum brings about 

 only temporary immunity. If during this time the hog comes in 

 contact with a sick hog he will acquire lasting immunity. In order, 

 therefore, to immunize an animal for life we use with the serum, a 

 small amount of diseased blood. It is possible in such case that the 

 hog will sicken. In stamping out the disease it is not necessary to 

 use anything but the serum alone without the diseased blood. You 

 will find that in very rare cases there will be disease started but 

 there will be very little loss. It depends upon circumstances which 

 vaccination you use. Serum alone cannot start disease. The other 

 might do so. However, when the herd does not sicken they are not 

 stunted and do nicely afterwards. There were a number of thor- 

 oughbred herds in the tests which we made and they did well. I 

 don't know what Dr. Koto's method will be — serum alone or both. 

 I am asked sometimes if when there is no cholera within two or 



