ELEVENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART X 497 



5. The tested animal should not be exposed to hot sun in a closed 

 area. In excess this will produce heat apoplexy, and the fever heat 

 which ushers this in may easily be mistaken for the indications of tuber- 

 culosis. 



6. Cattle taken from pastures must not be enclosed in hot, stuffy 

 stables. While they must be tied up to allow of the temperature being 

 taken at intervals, coolness and ventilation should be secured in suhimer 

 by a sufficient air space and the requisite ventilating openings. 



7. Exposure to cold draughts between open doors and windows or to 

 wet or chilly blasts out of doors should be carefully guarded against. 

 A chill proceeding from any source and alike in the presence or absence 

 of tuberculin causes a rise in the internal body temperature. 



8. Heavy cows unaccustomed to stand on hard boards may have a 

 rise of temperature in connection with resulting tenderness of feet. One 

 must avoid hard floors on the day of the test, or make examination of 

 feet and allow for attendant fever. 



9. Ommission of the previous milking or a change of milker and 

 consequent retention of part of the milk will raise the temperature of 

 a nervous cow, and in careless hands secure an erroneous condemnation. 



10. Change of food is liable to produce a slight indigestion and rise 

 of temperature. This should be avoided as far as possible, and when 

 the herd is taken from the pasture for the test, it should have grass, 

 ensilage or other succulent food. 



11. Cattle just arriving from a long trip by road or rail, or other 

 causes of violent exertion are liable to have an elevated temperature from 

 the leukomain poisoning. Such should be left at rest until the tran- 

 sient fever shall have subsided. 



12. Violent handling of nervous cows in taking the temperature must 

 be carefully avoided. The operator who cannot handle them gently is 

 not fit for the work. 



13. There must be evidence that the animals have not been repeat- 

 edly tested at brief intervals shortly before. In a number of instances we 

 have found a proportion of the cattle unresponsive to tuberculin, though 

 a post mortem proved the presence of tuberculosis. Unscrupulous men, 

 wishing to sell on a guarantee, can avail of this in animals unaffected 

 by the test. 



14. The operator must have absolute control, even of the feeding 

 and watering of the animals on the days of testing. Otherwise the rise of 

 temperature may be prevented by a liberal use of antipyretics and a 

 false guarantee may be secured. 



15. An unthrifty animal, having general symptoms suggesting tuber- 

 culosis, must be subjected to the most critical examination in addition 

 to the tuberculin which in such animals often fails to cause hyperther- 

 mia. Fortunately in such animals the tubercles are usually numerous 

 and extensive enough to be discovered through objective symptoms. 



16. Animals excluded from the test by reason of some individual 

 unfitness at the time (parturition, oestrum, abortion or any other dis- 



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