548 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



there are usually symptoms of catarrhal stomatitis, with redness and 

 swelling of the mucous membrane and salivation. We always notice a 

 smacking noise during the movements of the lower jaw, silimar to that 

 which takes place in foot-and-mouth disease. After the bursting of the 

 vesicles, the mucous membrane remains painful for some time. There 

 is loss of appetite, rise of temperature which rapidly subsides in dairy 

 and milking cows. Besides the inflammation of the mucous membrane, 

 an erysipelatous dermatitis breaks out on the udder and teat. 



DIAGNOSIS. 



Sporadic Apthae may be readily confounded with foot-and-mouth dis- 

 ease. A prompt and exact differentiation is not always possible, espec- 

 ially when several animals become affected at the same time, and when 

 eating the same food. The fact that the disease produced by these fungi 

 cannot be transmitted to healthy animals will be decisive, and conse- 

 quently, in doubtful cases, experiments should never be omitted. Also, 

 the coronets of the hoofs in sporadic apthae is free from apthous lesions, 

 although the animals are foot-sore, are found lying down most of the 

 time, saliva stringing from the mouth and refuse food or drink, and 

 consequently, great emaciation. 



THERAPEUTICS. 



The treatment consists of frequent rinsing out of the mouth with 

 disinfectant and astringent lotions, such as boric acid, creolin, salicylic 

 acid; suitable quarters and avoidance of rough forage. 



Numerous cases of Stomatitis Aphthosa have occurred throughout the 

 state, and especially in southwestern Iowa along the Missouri river. 

 Perhaps the most serious outbreak occurred in the vicinity of Council 

 Bluffs, and at the State Institution at Glenwood, where it was at first 

 mistaken for foot-and-mouth disease. The necessary treatment was ap- 

 plied and the usual sanitary measures enforced. 



FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE. 



This disease has never occurred in Iowa, though it has appeared 

 in the United States at intervals during the past forty years, the 

 last heing in the fall of 1908, when it was found in Pennsylvania, 

 New York, Maryland and Michigan. 



Prompt action was taken and a quarantine proclamation by the 

 Governor of Iowa was published against the importation of cattle 

 from localities-; in which the disease existed. This quarantine was 

 raised the following year, when the disease had been thoroughly 

 stamped out. 



During the period of the quarantine, numerous calls were re- 

 ceived at this office from points in Iowa on account of cattle sup- 



