594 IOWA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



besides being earlier. Kentucky bluegrass will usually come into the 

 pasture of its own accord, but can be hastened by seeding about 5 pounds, 

 with the mixture mentioned above. If the grasses mentioned above are 

 not available, then a mixture of 12 pounds of timothy, 8 pounds of common 

 red clover, 4 pounds of mammoth clover, and 4 pounds of alsike may be 

 seeded. 



The grasses should be seeded in the fall with the winter grain and 

 the clovers in early spring when the frost goes out, or both may be seeded 

 together with the spring grain. If a grass-seed attachment to the grain 

 drill is not available, the seed may be mixed in the proper proportions 

 with the grain in the grain box and allowed to run down the grain tube 

 with the grain. 



The timothy and clover will be available for hay the first year after 

 the grain is cut. By the third year a good permanent sod will be 

 secured that, if properly cared for, will improve with age. Such pas- 

 tures will not produce much feed during periods of intensive drought, 

 but if they have been properly cared for will begin to grow again as 

 soon as rains come. To avoid as much as possible the injury from drought 

 it is essential that pastures be not grazed too closely. There should be 

 a good green cover or "grass mulch" in order to protect the roots from 

 the hot sun. Such a pasture will remain green longer during dry 

 weather and will begin to grow as soon as the drought is broken, thus 

 shortening the period of bare pastures. 



However, provision should always be made to supplement the pastures 

 at this season by planting summer forage to tide over. 



SUPPLEMENTARY AND SUMMEK PASTURES. 



An excellent plan in providing against shortage of pastures is to grow 

 each year some of the supplementary crops, such as rye, millet, cowpeas, 

 rape, or sorghum, mentioned above to be used during the dry season. 

 An excellent annual pasture can be made by seeding together in spring 

 1 1-2 bushels of oats, 30 pounds of sorghum, and 10 pounds of mammoth 

 or common red clover. The oats are ready for pasture in late spring and 

 early summer, the sorghum comes on at its best in the hot midsummer, 

 while the clover gives some fall pasture. 



David A. Brodie, 



Agriculturist. 

 Approved: 

 James Wilson, 



Secretary. 

 Washington, D. C, July 3, 1911. 



FORAGE CROPS FOR HOGS. 



(Breeders' Gazette.) 



The quick and easy income usually yielded by hogs prompts waste- 

 ful methods of management. Hogs are not always profitable, and when 

 prices for fat stock are low compared with feed, it is the wasteful feeder- 



