ELEVENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK — PART IV. 131 



able step — a farm manufacturing process which converts raw material and 

 by-products into more concentrated, valuable finished animal products, 

 which readily command a cash market. It is a supplement to and not a 

 substitute for grain growing. It not only increases the income, but also, 

 and at the same time, lessens the removal of plant food from the farm. 

 It is an enterprise which aids materially in the development of a well 

 balanced agriculture. The interests of all parties, therefore, demand that 

 instead of allowing livestock farming to decline, it is for the best interests 

 of all that it should now be further developed. 



The problem of a permanently profitable agriculture that is worth 

 while is a problem of the farmer as well as a problem of the farm; and 

 no other factor exerts such a profound influence upon the development 

 of the farmer as the ownership of livestock. In other words, it should not 

 be lost sight of that aside from all elements of profit, the establishment 

 and maintenance of systems of farming involving the large use of live- 

 stock means that inevitably farms will be occupied by men and women of 

 a high order of intelligence with a full appreciation of the best standards 

 of country life. 



H. J. Waters, President of Kansas State Agricultural College, 

 delivered an address on "The Role of the American Farmer." It 

 is a matter of great regret to the officers of the association that they 

 are unable to publish President "Waters' address. Thinking that he 

 was speaking from manuscript, the stenographer did not take notes. 



Upon motion of A. L. Ames, a rising vote of thanks was given 

 President Waters for his address. 



R. J. Kinzer, Professor of Animal Husbandry, Kansas State 

 Agricultural College, and formerly of Marshall county, Iowa, spoke 

 as follows: 



HOW THE CHAMPION STEER WAS FED. 

 I'ROF. R. J. KINZEB, MANHATTAN, KAN. 



A month or so ago, Mr. Simpson wrote me a letter in which he compli- 

 mented very highly the exhibit of fat cattle made last year by the Kan- 

 sas Agricultural College. He also stated that he had looked over the Kan- 

 sas steer exhibit this year at the American Royal, and was sure that 

 Kansas would again have the grand champion steer at the International 

 show. I regret exceedingly that the management of the International 

 show did not choose Mr. Simpson to judge the fat steers this year instead 

 of sending to Ireland for a judge, for, had Mr. Simpson been the judge, 

 I am sure that I could have told you how the grand champion was fed 

 and handled. You are doubtless all familiar with the results of the re- 

 cent International show, and as the champion was not fed on Kansas al- 

 falfa, I am therefore not prepared to give you anything on the subject as- 

 signed to me. 



Perhaps, however, you are not all contemplating the feeding and fitting 

 of grand champion steers in the individual classes, and are equally, or 



