ELEVENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK — PART IV. 139 



In regard to this question of feeding, and this whole question 

 of reproduction on the farm, Professor Kinzer has pointed out 

 that the conditions are changing, so that it is going to be more diffi- 

 cult in the future to secure the feeding stock than it has been in 

 the past. The range is practically eliminated, or is being eliminated, 

 as a source of supply for feeders, and the question that naturally 

 confronts the feeder is, where will he get the stock? Inevitably it 

 must be produced in the corn belt states to a larger degree than 

 in the past, and that means that the cattle must be bred upon the 

 farms to a larger extent than they have been in the past. There, 

 in itself, is a problem that may be a difficult one. Most of the 

 farmers have comparatively quit breeding feeding cattle, because 

 they felt that they could buy them in the feeder markets cheaper 

 than they could raise them on the farm ; and there is the old question 

 of whether or not it pays to keep a cow on the farm merely for the 

 calf that she will raise for beef-feeding purposes. The majority 

 of the farmers have answered this in the negative. If it does not, 

 where will the feeding cattle come from? I believe that the cattle 

 will be raised upon the farms to a larger extent than they have been 

 in the past, but I believe it will be a different kind of cattle; it 

 must necessarily be a different kind. The grand champion steer or 

 calf this year presents the modern type ; and while, of course, 

 we can't all attain that degree of excellence that we find in the 

 grand champion, there is something significant in the type. 



Someone asked us if we showed that steer last year. I said no. 

 He was not born last year at the time of the International. He 

 was not born until the latter part of January, and yet he went 

 into the International show this year, a little over eleven months 

 old, weighing over 1,100 pounds; and at the end of the show he 

 weighed 1,120 pounds. He kept up his gain of four pounds a day 

 during the show. He was of the very heavy, low-down, early-ma- 

 turing type of cattle that we must have on high priced land. He 

 had the maximum digestive and feeding capacities, and he was 

 able to consume and convert into high-class product a large amount 

 of feed daily; and it is that class of cattle that we must give more 

 attention to as we produce beef on high-priced land, and on land 

 that must necessarily continue to be high-priced. The old class of 

 cattle that were long and lank and that were late in maturing are 

 not the class of cattle that can be produced profitably under our 

 modern conditions, and especially under the conditions that are 

 to prevail in the future. When those cattle were grown on the cheap 



