ELEVENTH ANNUAL YEAR BOOK— PART XI 733 



found in alfalfa, are variable in size; some are not larger than and are 

 similar to the seeds of field dodder; the largest are nearly circular, 

 rounded, and flattened; color gray, greenish, or more commonly brown; 

 scar devoid of the raised whitish line to be seen in field dodder and often 

 indistinct; found only in alfalfa seed produced in the Western States. 

 This dodder does not appear to thrive in the Eastern States. Field dod- 

 der and large-seeded alfalfa dodder are termed large seeded because their 

 seeds can not be wholly removed from clover and alfalfa seed. The greater 

 part of the field dodder can be removed by the use of a sieve of 20 

 meshes to the inch. 



Corn gromwell seeds (fig. 18, k) are oval, gray, or brown, and being 

 very hard the name "stoneseed" is often applied to them; found in seed 

 of red and crimson clovers, alfalfa, cereals, grasses, etc. 



Rat-tail plantain seeds (fig. 18, 1) are small, flat, angular and black; 

 the scar in the center of one side; common in seed of clovers and some 

 grasses. Known also as broad-leaved plantain and as Rugel's plantain; a 

 persistent weed. 



Buckhorn seeds (fig. 18, m) are smooth, shining, rounded on one side 

 with a deep groove on the other, brown or amber colored, becoming coated 

 with mucilage when placed in water, one of the commonest impurities 

 of farm seeds, often very abundant in seed imported from Europe. Not 

 abundant in alfalfa seed produced in the Western States. Known also 

 as plantain, English or narrowleaved plantain, and rib-grass. 



Ragweed seeds (fig. 18, n) as they commonly occur are somewhat top 

 shaped, usually with a crown of several teeth or spines; the outer covering 

 is often broken away, the seed then appearing pear-shaped, smooth, and 

 brown; common in American red clover and in cereal grain. 



Gumweed seeds (fg. 18, o) are whitish or straw colored, variable in 

 form, sometimes wrinkled; found chiefly in alfalfa seed from the Western 

 States. 



Wild sunflower seeds (fig. 18, p) have the form and the striped, mottled 

 appearance familiar in the cultivated sunflower seeds, but are much 

 smaller; common in alfalfa seed and other seeds from the Western 

 States. 



Oxeye daisy seeds (fig. 18, q) are very small, but are readily distin 

 guished by the 10 slender, white ridges which extend from end to end, 

 one end usually bearing a knob-like projection; found frequently, but usu- 

 ally not abundant, in clover seed and small grass seed. 



Canada thistle seeds (fig. 18, r) are smooth, light brown, straight or 

 curved, having a cuplike rim at one end, a projecting point often within 

 the rim; found in clover seed, particularly alsike from Canada; some- 

 times in seed of clover and grasses from Europe. 



Bull thistle seeds (fig. 18, s) are larger than those of the Canada 

 thistle, light colored, striped lengthwise with brown, the rim at one end 

 often yellowish; common in red clover, alfalfa, and grass seeds. 



Wild chicory seeds (fig. 18, t) are brown or straw colored, usually 

 mottled, the crown scales at the broader end sometimes rubbed away; 

 common in imported clover, alfalfa and certain kinds of grass seeds, oc- 

 curring in lesser degree in American-grown seed. 



