IRISH GARDENING. 



WOBURN 

 TOBACCO 

 EXTRACT 



A Nicotine Insecticide 



Having^ a guaranteed strength of not 

 /ess than 7' 5 per centm One pountt 



makes ten gaUonS oi Wash. 

 The full extent to which tlif Wulmrn Tobacco Extract may be used has 

 not yet been measured, but from a glance at the following uses as an 

 Insecticide an idea may be obtained of its worth. 



This preparation is the outcome of experiments carried out by Mr. Spencer 

 PicKering, F.R.S., of the Woburu Experimental Fniit Fann, originally in 

 his search for a destroyer of the Apple Sucker (Psi/lla Mali), for which he 

 found it ideal, but in experiments with it it has been found to be an Insecti- 

 cide of wide application. 



In his Tenth Report Mr. Pickering, after relating several negative results 

 with other insecticides, says: — 



"The remaining experimems were devoted to the examination of 

 the action of Nicotine. The solniion used was that prepared by 

 Messrs. Voss & Co., containing 7*5 per cent, of Kii-otine, and in the 

 first set of experiments— Nos. 7-9--itwas used in three different 

 .states of dilution, namely — with 50. 75 and 100 volames of water 

 added to it, the Nicotine being, therefore, 0*15, 0*113 and 0*075 per 

 cent, respectively. 

 *' The I resent experiments with a solution of this strength, and also 

 with stronger ones (Nos. 7-8). entirely confirm the former conclusions 

 as to the efficacy of such treatment, the mortality caused with the two 

 weaker solutions being at least 95 per cent,, and with the strongest 

 solution (0-15 per cent.) all but IdO per cent., only five or six living 

 psjlla being in this case found in some 500 or 600 buds examined. 

 *' Ihese experiments also afforded satisfactory evidence that moderate 

 rain does not interfere seriously with the results. In Nos. 8 and 9 

 the spraying was done at noon, and moderate rain, amounting to U'l 

 inch, fell from 6 to 7 p.m en the same day. yet the mortality caused 

 was 95 per cent. 

 " These sprayings were made 10 d lys before the blussoms opened. From 

 these experiments it is evident that the Nicotine ireatment, applied 

 either shortly before or during the blossoming of the trees, is qui'e 

 effecm-il in destro>ine psylla so longas it does not conia'n less than 

 0"075 percent, of Nicotine," 

 In the book (recently published) written by Mr, Pickering and Professor 

 Theobald, called '■ Fruit Trees and their Enemies," this Insecticide is recom- 

 mended tor the destrucli"n of ihe following: — 

 Leaf Curling^ Apple Aphis; Greenfly {Aphis Pom i). 



Sp'ayiiiK hefurc th- leave* curl, preferably about the end of April. 

 The BlossoTTi and Leaf Aphis [A/ihts Jitchii) 



Spiay hIkmh il.c middle of April. 

 Apple Sucker {l:<;/U'r Mali). 



8pray either before or during tlie blossoming. If much rain falls after- 

 wards, the spraying should be repeated, (It has been found that 

 moderate rain docs not interfere seriously with the results.) 

 Cherry Aphis { yi/zus Crrasi >. 



Cherry and Pear Sawfly; Slugworm {Eriscampa Limacina). 

 Currant Aphides < Hhopatosiptum Rtbis and Myzus Ribasid). 

 Hop Damson Aphis {rkorodon Humuli). 



THE WOBURN TOBACCO EXTRACT was used extensively last year (1908), 

 and, in addition to its uses as mciilioned above, growers have found it to be 

 effectual for 

 American Blight, Woolly Aphis 

 Cuckoo Spit 

 Spring* Talis 



White Mites which attack 

 Mushrooms 

 and many varieties of catcrpillais. 



ise it at double 

 cngth, viz:— one part in fifty 

 of water for these pests. 



PRICE-IO lb. Tins, 13s.; I lb. Bottles, Is. 6d. 

 ^packages free). 



A NEIV 



DISCOYERY 



Woburn Bordeaux Paste 



A Concentrated form of Bordeaux Mixture, and an Improvement on 



the old style of the readymade powder or the freshly 



made, as prepared by the user. 



The unsatisfactory character and aciiun of the>L- powders, which are sold 

 as substitutes for bordeaux Mixture, is universally acknowledged; indeed, 

 it is impossible to dry Bordeaux Mixture without altering its chemical and 

 jihysical properties, and such dried (.reparations are not Bordeaux Mixture 

 at all. The making of the fresh mixture presents, however, many difficul- 

 Ties to the grower, and if it could be obtained in some concentrated form 

 which would »ork really satisfactorily, a great boon would be conferred on 

 all fruit growers. This we have lately succeeded in enecting through tlie 

 assistance of Mr, Spencer Pickering, Director of ihe Woburn Experimental 

 Fruit Farm, to whom we submitted Ihe question. 



The concentrated Bordeaux Mixture, which we are making according to 

 his instructions, is sold in the form of a thin paste, which mixes easily and 

 perfectly with water, reproducing a mixture which is not similar to but 

 Jibsolutely identical chemicnlly with freshly made Boideaux Mixture, and 

 indeed in much better than it physically, for it contains no gross particles 

 of lime to clog the spray nozzles. Sloreover, it is more effective as a fungi- 

 cide th>tn the Bordeaux Mixture made in the ordinary way, and begins to 

 act at once on application, which ordinary Borde-iux Mixture does not. 



With reference to the strength of the PastOi Mr. Pickering writes as 

 follows : — 



"WoBDRM Experimental FatriT Fabu, 

 ''March 10, 1909. 

 "In answer to your enquiries, the relative eflflciency of what is known as 

 the Woburn Bord'cAUS Mixture, which you are now putting on the market 

 in the form of a paste, was given in our report as 2| times as great as that 

 of Ihe ordinary Bordeaux Mixture, made by mixing equal weight* of ci-pper 

 sulphate and lime. This ratio was based on a consideration of the nature of 

 the mnin reaction occurring when the substances are exposed to hir. but it 

 was impossible without direct trials to ascertain how far these reactions 

 proceeded, or to what extent secondary reactions modified the results. An 

 examination of tlie^e reactions has now been made, nnd I am not altogeiher 

 sui-prised to find that the relative efficiency of the Woburn Bcirdeau.\ Paste 

 is much greater than had been previously stated. Jly results show iliat 

 I lb. of cupper sulpliate in the form of the Woburn Bordeaux Paste is 

 equivalent to from 9 to 14 lbs. of copper sulphate In the form of the fieshly 

 nijide ordinary Bord«>aux Mixture (the exact equivalent depending on the 

 conditicns under which it is made) or to at leist 8 lbs. of sulphate (probably 

 much more) when in the form of dried Bordeaux Mixture," 



Based on the foregoing we can safely say that growers will save at least 

 25 per cent, by using Woburn Bordeaux Paste, tosay notlungof the saWng 

 in labour and trouble in making their own Bordeaux Mixture, and the fact 

 that the fungicide is more prompt in its action and more easy of application, 

 1^' lbs. of Woburn Bordeaux Paste mixed with 100 gallons of water 

 makes a Bordeaux Mixture equivalent to the very strongest used in this 

 country which contains 16 lbs. of copper sulphate to luo gallons;. Many 

 growers prefer to use mixtures of only half tliis strength, so as to minimise 

 the scorching which often accompanies the use of any form of Boi'deaux 

 Mixture. It is best to mix the paste with about its own bulk of water, and 

 then add the rest of the water. The paste will keep good for an indefinite 

 length of time, but should not be stored in vessels of iron, tin or zinc, and 

 it should not be allowed to get frozen, or it will require a tedious amount of 

 stirring to bring it bai-k to its original condition. 



WOBURN BORDEAUX PASTE is the best remedy for- 



Potato Disease i/'hpfophom infesttin.f).—Vs,e 1 lb. to 7 gallons of water 



( I.'i lbs. to lOU gallons about sufficient for an acre). The first spi-aying 



should be done at the end of June, and again three weeks later, or 



if only one spraying is given it should take place about the middle of 



July. Early blight (leaf c\u-\), which comes in dry seasons when the 



plant 18 only a few inches high, should I'C treated in the same way. 



Brown Rot of Fruit (.Sclerotinafructif/etiaj.—'Vse 1 lb, to 25 gallons of 



Willi, r 4 U.S. to 100 gallons', spraying at intervals when the leaf buds 



ar.' <;xpaninng. 



Peach Leaf Curif Exonscus dcfor/nnns).—{Jse I lb. to." gallons of water 



(1,1 lbs. to 10Ugallons)asapreventive,by spraying when the buds show 



signs of swelling and again in ten days' time. Afterwards use only at 



half strength. 



Apple and Pear Sc^ (Fusicladium dendritirnn. F. pcrinum). -Use 



1 lb. to 12i kallons of water [H lbs. to 100 gallons). Apply wlien the 



leaf buds are opening, and a second spraving as soon as Ihe petals 



have fallen _____^ 



Prices and particulars of packa£:es on application. 

 I'/'-atc slate if Trade Grower. < 



Soto Manufacturers- 



Sote tVtanufacturors- 



WALTER VOSS & Co., Ltd., 



Millwall. LONDON, E. 



WALTER VOSS & Co., Ltd. 



Millwall, LONDON, E. 



