XVUl 



IRISH GARDENING 



than the depressing^ influence common in many 

 maritime countries. 



The Sou. of N'ova Scotia's Friit Region. — The 

 beautiful climate of Nova Scotia would avail little to 

 the fruit grower were the soil not specially adapted to 

 his purposes. The soil of the fruit region is a com- 

 mingling of various ingredients. It is formed partly 

 from the disintegration of the trap rock of the North 

 Moimtain, the red loam and coarse-grained sand of Ihe 

 new red sandstone, which abounds in oxide of iron, 

 lime and gypsimi. These ccnstituents form a soil, rich, 

 strong, and enduring. All the elements for Ihe building 

 of firm fruit tissue are contained therein. In addition 

 there is an active principle which aids the friendly sun- 

 light in imparting the piquant flavour and delicate 

 deliciousness to Nova .Scotian fruit that make it, in the 

 opinion of many connoisseurs, just a little better than 

 the best. 



.\ Nkav W'hkat. — It is not generally known that Ihe 

 thousand dollar prize awarded in New York City 

 recently for the best wheat grown on the North 

 .\merican Continent, and which was secured by a 

 Saskatchewan farmer, was won by Marquis wheat. 

 Marquis wheat is one of a number of varieties which 

 have been produced at the Government experimental 

 farm at Ottawa by a crossing of Red Fife with various 

 imported wheats of early ripening habit. The early 

 maturing parent of Marquis was Hard Red Calcutta, 

 obtained from India. It was isolated by Dr. Sawnders, 

 the Dominion Cerealist, by selection, in 1903. After 

 been grown for three years at Ottawa, baking tests 



I 



'PHAROS' 



WEED KILLER 



ONE APPLICATION PREVENTS THE OROWTH 

 OF ALL WEEDS THROIGHOI'T THE SEASON 



The very concentrated form of tfie ' Pharos ' 

 Weed Killer, I part to 60 parts of water 

 being sufficient for dressing 200 to 250 square 

 yards of Patfis or Drives, combined with the 

 low figure at which it is sold, makes it abso- 



Kelvindale Chemical Co. 



LOCHBURN, MARYHILL, GLASGOW 



Telegrams: 'Pharos,' Gi.asgo\v. 



were made from the crop of igob, which showed that 

 Marquis stands in the first rank for baking strength. 

 This wheat was then transferred to the experimental 

 farm at Indian Head for test under prairie conditions, 

 where from larger tests in the field Marquis gave forty- 

 two bushels'per acre. While in 1909 and I910 five acre 

 lots at Indian Head yielded more than fifty-three 

 bushels an acre. The wheat, moreover, is proved to 

 possess high qualities in resisting rust, while it ripens 

 also some ten days earlier that) Red Fife. " In 

 Northern Saskatchewan," says Dr. Sawnders, '* Marquis 

 is certainly the very best variety known. The main 

 points in favour of Marquis are its earliness in ripening, 

 its remarkable productiveness, its strength of straw, 

 the fine appearance of the threshed grain, its heavy 

 weight per bushel, and the excellent colour and baking 

 strength of the flour produced from it. " This wheat 

 can now be obtained in quantities for seeding pur- 

 poses, and there is no doubt it must rapidiv establish 

 itself in the newer districts. Canada's experimental 

 farm system is certainl}' to be congratulated on a 

 practical achievement which will be of incalculable value. 



Tobacco Growing in Canada. 



Canada raises a good deal of the tobacco which is 

 consumed in the coimtry. The industry is of recent 

 origin, and its prosperity has been largely promoted by 

 the work of the Tobacco Division of the fJovernment 

 Experimental Farms, which has helped the growers in 

 selectinfj and testing the right kinds of seed, and also 

 by practical demonstrations of the best processes of 

 curing the leaf. Canadian tobacco manufacturers com- 

 pete eagerly now for all the tobacco that is grown in 

 the country. The improvement of the quality may be 

 imagined when it is stated thai some fifteen years ago 

 samples of the tobacco then grown by the Quebec 

 farmer for his own use, upon being submitted to 

 several of the leading tobacco m.inufacturers in the 

 United Kingdom, was pronounced to be of a quality 

 quite unfit for their purposes ; that in their opinion a 

 use for it might be found for fumigation purposes as an 

 insecticide for green-houses, and that its commercial 

 value was about a penny a pound. Tobacco is at 

 present raised almost entirely in Quebec and Ontario. 

 The total crop last year was 20,000,000 lbs., two-thirds 

 of the whole crop being raised in the latter province. 

 The yield averages 1,500 lbs. per acre in normal years, 

 and if well cured commands from 6d. to yjd. per lb. for 

 " binders, " and from 4d. to 4id. for pipe tobacco. The 

 "Comslock " and " White Hurley " varieties are mainly 

 grown, but hybrids of the above have recently been 

 introduced — namely, the " Yamaska " and " Hig Ohio 

 X Sumatra," from which yields of 1,500 to 2,000 lbs. per 

 acre are readily obtained, with a considerable improve- 

 ment in the size, shape, thinness and elasticity of the 

 leaves. Tobacco is thus one of the most paying crops. 

 It is generally grown in areas of one to four acres, 

 especially in the fruit-growing districts of Ontario and 

 Quebec, where it makes a useful adjtmct to fruit-growing. 

 Recent experiments in .\ov;i Scotia demonstrate that 

 the .\nnapolis X'alley, the pick of .Nova Scotia's oichard 

 area, is highly adapted by soil and climatic conditions 

 for the growth of tobacco. 



