IRISH GARDENING. 



21 



briar hybrid, cherry-reddish-copper. Annie 

 Crawford (Dr. J. Campbell Hall), pale pink. 

 National Emblem (S. M'Gredy & Son), dark 

 crimson and mildew-proof foliage. Imogen 

 (W. Paul & Son), orange-yellow, are among the 

 best of the new varieties of 1915. 



The smallest garden should contain at least 

 one of the many varieties of single Roses now 

 in cultivation. They are most conspicuous, 

 especially at the early part of the season. One 

 of the very best is Irish Fire flame, even finer 

 than Irish Elegance, being freer in growth and 

 a more continuous bloomer. It produces 

 beautiful orange buds splashed with crimson, 

 becoming, as the flower expands, satiny-gold. 

 The flowers grow in large upright trusses, and 

 have a delightful perfume. The blooms arrive 

 u]) to late autumn, and for table decoration 

 could h,ardly be surpassed. It would be hard 

 to beat Simplicity if a white single were wanted. 

 Its size and cupped shape render it very attrac- 

 tive. It makes a very good bush, and does 

 equally well as a standard. Gottfried Keller is 

 a dee]) orange-yellow and a perpetual bloomer, 

 though not quite so hardy as one would wish. 

 Bardou Job, dark crimson, has been long well 

 known, and is most reliable. None of these 

 require much pruning after the first year. 



Next month the pruning of the various 

 varieties of Roses will be discussed. 



J. A. F. G. 



Hardy Plants for Spring 

 Planting. 



Some herbaceous plants with fleshy or brittle 

 roots are apt to die if planted in autunni. In 

 the process of transplanting, the roots of all 

 plants are more or less broken and, injured. In 

 the case of those that have a satisfactory fibrous 

 root system the loss of a few roots or rootlets is 

 more than counterbalanced by the rapidity with 

 which new roots are formed. This is not the 

 case, however, with the thick fleshy roots of 

 some plants. In their case the wounds naturally 

 take longer to heal, and if planted in autumn 

 the soil may become cold and wet ere the healing 

 process is complete, and decay sets in with fatal 

 consequences. Thus it is in such cases better 

 to defer planting till spring, when, as the soil 

 warms and the plants quicken into growth, new 

 roots form more quickly and broken ends are 

 sooner healed over. 



Dicentra spectabilis, or Bleeding Heart, as it 

 is often called, does better when spring planted, 

 even though the flowers are early produced. 

 The roots, as anyone who has handled the plant 

 knows, are extremely brittle and easily broken, 

 and although when planted in spring growth is 



usually satisfactory', sometimes a late frost plays 

 havoc with the tender foliage, so that a position 

 somewhat sheltered and not exposed to the early 

 morning sun is preferable. 



Galtonia candicans is a handsome bulbous 

 herbaceous plant suitable for spring planting, 

 bearing in August beautiful spikes of white 

 flowers. It is admirable for the herbaceous 

 border and looks remarkably well planted 

 through beds of Pentstemons. It is also 

 valuable for planting in groups among Pseonies, 

 and will give a flne autumn display after the 

 Pseonies are out of flower. Although the bulbs 

 may be left in the ground for several years in 

 warm,well-drained soil, yet if planted in autumn, 

 at the outset many of the bulbs may rot owing 

 to moisture collecting in the hollow on the top 

 of the bulb where the previous year's growth 

 arose. 



Gaillardias, which are so bright and showy all 

 through the summer and autumn, succeed best 

 with spring planting. They, too, have rather 

 fleshy roots, and frequently disappear if planted 

 in autunni. The best way, or at least a very 

 satisfactory way, is to raise plants from seed 

 annually and treat as biennials . The seed should 

 be sown in May, and when the seedlings are 

 large enough to handle prick them out six inches 

 apart in a bed of rich soil, and there leave them 

 till the following February or March, when they 

 can be carefully lifted and transplanted to their 

 flowering quarters. Treated thus each seedling 

 will make a large plant, and during the sunnner 

 and autumn will produce scores of flowers. A 

 good strain of seed will give results good enough 

 for any garden, but, as some people may not 

 have convenience for seedlings in small gardens, 

 it is well to know that probably most of the 

 nurserymen advertising in Irish Gardening 

 can supply named varieties to colour, ready for 

 planting, and many nurserymen supply these 

 in pots. 



Incarvilleas are really beautiful plants with 

 large handsome flowers. Although one or two 

 of the species have been known for a good many 

 j'ears now, it is only recently that they have 

 been cultivated to any extent in gardens. Now, 

 large breadths are grown in nurseries, and a 

 magnificent sight they are when in flower. 

 Many are also grown in pots, consequently they 

 can be safely planted even when started into 

 growth. The roots are very thick, fleshy and 

 easily broken, therefore great care should be 

 taken in transplanting. A deeply worked, well 

 drained soil is best, and an open sunny position, 

 but sheltered, if possible, from rough winds. 

 Perhaps the best known species is I. Delavayi, a 

 handsome plant with long deeply-toothed leaves 

 bearing on scapes, some two feet high, clusters of 

 tubular rosy carmine flowers with yellow throats. 



