Briuton.] ^^^ [Oct. 18, 



The only method to bring these statements into unison is to con- 

 sider R*s the biliteral radical; et or '/, the prefix; and enna and 

 ci, suffixes of different sense. This suggestion harmonizes the in- 

 scriptions, bears out the statement of Dionysius, and moreover 

 finds its explanation in the Libyan. The prefix ^/ or V is the mod- 

 ern ait, Guanche at, which I have before shown is repeatedly seen 

 in Etruscan. It conveys the sense " the children of Ras," or 

 " those of Ras. " What this ''Ras" may mean I am not sure; 

 but that it was a local name of some importance in ancient Libya 

 is evident from the list of Roman bishoprics before the arrival of 

 the Arabs, two of which, in the heart of the Kabyle country, were 

 named Rus-ucurru and Riis-azouz.'^ The termination enni in Ka- 

 byle is the suffixed demonstrative pronoun, and is equivalent to 

 " those of Ras," or " the Rases," supplying the place, in a man- 

 ner, of the prefix et.\ The ^/ (ki) or // is a suffix which appears 

 also to be demonstrative. 



The name of their hero-god, considered by some to be allied 

 to the radical turs, is tary. It is seen in the appellations Ta7-quin- 

 ius, Tarchetius, and the like. These doubtless refer back to 

 Tarchon, the mythical founder of the first settlement at Tarquinii, 

 and the father or finder of the hero-god Tages (^Tajyes), to whom 

 I have before referred. To him the royal line of the Tarquins 

 traced their origin. It is not easy to combine this radical with 

 7'as, and I prefer to believe them distinct. In the form tay or tar, 

 it is quite common in the Libyan dialects. It appears in the name 

 of the Numidian rebel who gave the Emperor Tiberius so much 

 trouble, Tacfarimis, and M. Berthelot pointedly calls attention to 

 its frequency among the Guanches of the Canaries. J The signifi- 

 cation of the radical I leave for future investigation, mentioning, 

 however, the root a-gh-l or a-gh-r in modern Libyan, from which 

 the Kabyle words aghalik, king, and OagheldiO, kingdom, are de- 



* Hanoteau et Letourueux, La Kabylie et les Coutumes Kabyles, Tome i, p. 312. This of 

 course proves that it is not the Arabic ras, head, cape. 



t Basset, Manuel dela Langue Kabyle, p. 17. This suffix is invariable, e. g., argaz-enni, 

 that man ; irgazen-enni, tliosc men. It occurs elsewhere in Etruscan as Cicenna, Vipina, 

 Spurina, Pors-enna, etc. Bugge tliinks it appears in the termination annat. See Elrusk- 

 ische Forschungen und Studien, 1883, Heft iv, ss. 4-6. 



X Mcmoire sur les Ouanehes, in Memoires de la Sociite d' Ethnologie, Tome ii. One might 

 be inclined to bring the tribal appellation Tuarck into this connection ; but Wetzstein 

 and others consider it an Arabic form from lerek, " relinquere." See Zeitschrif I fiir Eth- 

 nologie, 1887, p. 35, 



