)89y.] QROTE — GENEALOGICAL TREES OF BUTTERFLIES. 14T 



FEET. 

 January 4, 1899. Telegram announced (on pilot's range). 13.3 

 February 11, 1899. Capt. Welker wired the Coast Survey 

 office 1 5 . c 



Economy and Depths Unprecedented. — So that in two years 

 there was a gain of eight feet produced by a half-finished structure 

 in the face of serious obstructions at a cost of less than ;^3o,ooo per 

 foot depth as compared with from ^200,000 to nearly $900,000 at 

 other places by the usual twin jetty system. It may therefore be safely 

 stated, even without awaiting the completion of the breakwater and 

 the removal of the obstructing jetty, that as our respected Vice- 

 President, Mr. Coleman Sellers, remarked only last evening in 

 referring to the progress of the Mechanic Arts: *' Two blades of 

 grass have been made to grow where one grew before." In fact 

 the adage may be carried further, since in this case the half of a 

 blade (jetty) has done what two complete blades (jetties) have never 

 done before in the same time, without dredging, and the American 

 Philosophical Society has evidently not made a mistake of judg- 

 ment in awarding its highly prized Magellanic premium and medal 

 for this •* invention and discovery." 



GENEALOGICAL TREES OF BUTTERFLIES. 



BY A. RADCLIFPE GROTE, A.M. 



{Read Octoher 6, 1899.) 



Previous to 1897 the butterflies were generally regarded as mono- 

 phyletic, springing from a single stem, the family branches being 

 variously arranged by different authors. In classification they were 

 kept together as '* Rhopalocera ;" and the only exception to this 

 course was the more recently attempted exclusion of the Skippers, 

 the family Hesperiadae, under an analogous title, equally derived 

 from the Greek, and having reference to the structure of the horns 

 or antennae. It must be admitted that the reasons given for this 

 were inconclusive, where they were not wholly absent. 



From studies of the neuration I was able to announce (February, 



