108 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



As we have not been able to find any specimens with fins 

 approaching the length described for longipinnis we have 

 kept that species distinct. 



Sixty-six specimens, .055-. 175 m. Surinam; British Gui- 

 ana; Gurupa; Taj apuru; Porto do Moz; Santarem; Cudajas; 

 Lago Alexo; Manacapuru; Teffe; Tabatinga; Rio Janeiro; 

 Ueranduba. 



In the specimens examined the ventrals were never found 

 to extend beyond the origin of the anal, and the longest 

 dorsal ray is always shorter than the head. The young of 

 this species can readily be distinguished by the large 

 caudal and humeral spots; the sides of the young are usu- 

 ally marked with dark cross shades. 



4. Erythrinus longipinnis. 



Erythr'inus longipinnis Gthr. '64, 285 (Essequibo). 

 Habitat: Essequibo. 



III. Pyrrhulina. 



Pyrrhulina C. & V. xix. '46, 535 {filamentosa) . 

 Holotaxis Cope. '70a, 563 (mdcmostomus).^ 

 Type: Pyrrhulina filamentosa C. & V. 

 This genus embraces all the smaller Erythriniuoi. The 

 largest scarcely exceed .10 m. in length. 



ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIES. 



a. A black band through the opercle and orbit around the edge of the pre- 



maxillary, another around edge of mandible; brownish above, yellow below; 



lateral scales with orange base and brown edges, forming longitudinal lines. 



D. 9; A. I. 10; Lat. 1. 2.5 (Cope). melanostoma 1. 



aa. Band if present not extending around premaxillary. 



h. A large black saddle below and in front of dorsal; eye 3^1 in head; chin 

 very prominent; maxillary teeth as large as those of the premaxillaries; 

 distance of origin of dorsal tin from snout h longer than its distance from 

 caudal. Pectorals reaching ventrals; ventrals filamentous, reaching anal. 

 Median dorsal and longest caudal rays filamentous. Scales orange at 

 base with broad blackish margins. Mandible black edged. Head 4; 

 depth 4; D. 10; A. 10; Lat. 1. 26, tr. 5. Icnta 2. 



*The type of Holotaxis very probably has but a single series of teeth in 

 the upper jaw, in which case the genus Holotaxis may be retained distinct. 



