110 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



1. Pyrrhulina melanostoma. 



Holotaxis melanostomus Cope. '70a, 563 (Pebas). 

 Habitat: Maranon. 



This species is known from the type only. The two bands 

 of the snout distinguish it. 



2. Pyrrhulina laeta. 



Holotaxis loeta Cope. '72a, 257 (Ambyiacu). 

 Habitat: Ambyiacu. 



3. Pyrrhulina filamentosa. 



Pyrrhulina filamentosa C. & V. xix. '46, 535, pi. 589(Surinam) ; Gtbr. 



'64, 286 (Essequibo); Steind. '75a, 2 (Cayenne). 

 Habitat: The Gnianas. 



The type of this species is said to possess 30 scales in a 

 longitudinal series. If this is so the specimens mentioned 

 by Drs. Giinther and Steindachner are distinct from it, as 

 they have but 25-26 scales. 



4. Pyrrhulina semifasciata. 



Pyrrhulina semifasciata Steind. '75a, 2. pi. 1, fig. l-2a (Stagnant water 

 near Barra do Rio Negro; Cudajiis; Gurupa; Tabatiuga). 



Habitat: Amazons from Gurnpa to Tabatinga. 



About two hundred specimens, the largest 09 m. 



Tabatiuga; Cudaja«; Obidos; Hyanuary; Jose Fernandez; Manacapu- 

 ru; Jutahy; Curupira; Santarem; Silva, Lake Saraca; Villa Bella; 

 Gurupa. 



Teeth of the outer dentary series decidedly longer and 

 stronger at the side of the jaw; teeth of the outer interjnax- 

 illary band strongest at the middle of the mouth. Usually 

 very light brown. Adult with a band extending from the 

 symphysis about half way to the caudal. In the male a 

 dusky area below this band. Sometimes one or two access- 

 ory bands similar to the median band. In the young this 

 band extends little beyond the first scale behind the head. 

 A dusky area at the occiput, another some distance in front 

 of the dorsal, an orange streak between them. The dorsal 

 spot is margined below by a slightly lighter area; the 

 caudal is frequently indistinctly barred; the outer or an- 

 terior rays of the fins frequently white. 



