' Vülojino ( )sliima, Idzii. 35 



scoria" tlio greater portion of wliicli must have since been lost. 

 The area denoted by p was covered with dense lava of gigantic 

 dimensions in fantastic forms. Tlie rehef of tlie ground in tho 

 crater is shown in the map by means of arrows. 



The Meiji-Taisho eru])tion (1012-14) began with the out- 

 pouring of lava from this vent {V in Fig. 18). During this in- 

 terval, the extrusion of lava took, place intermittently five times, 

 of which the second and fourth can be considered as the after- 

 effects of the iirst and third respectively. In the first period, 

 dming March- June 1912, the lava reached a level of 62 m. below 

 Kawajiri^\ burying half of Naumann's cone and forming a new 

 spatter cone, Nakamura's cone, somewhat to the southwest of tho 

 centre of the crater-floor. The second eruption, in July, was the 

 squeezing out uf a new molten lava due to the depression of tho 

 lava layer at the crater bottom and resulted in the breaking up of 

 Nakamura's cone. In the third activity (September— October 1912), 

 the extrusion of the lava took place from a new vent at tho 

 western part of the crater-bottom being accompanied by the for- 

 mation of a new spatter cone—OMORi's cone — around the vent. 



Fig. 19 is based on the map published by the Imperial 

 (Geological Survey, showing the state of the inside of the crater 

 in the beginning of January 1913, i.e. after the third eruption but 

 before the fourth. Here Nm and Nk are the apical parts of tho 

 two spatter cones, Naumann's and Nakamura's respectively, freed 

 from the covering of new lava, and is a newly formed (Omori s) 

 cone. The lava constituting the crater-floor is tliat extruded l)y 

 "the third eruption. The relief at the bottom was as indicated by 

 th(3 contour lines, eacli representing a vevtical distance of 5 m,. 

 This feature was modified by the fourth activity in January 



1) )\\fl K in Figs. 18-20. 



