Mitochondria 



Mitochondria, Golgi Api^aratus, and Yolk. 141 



Thus Hirschler thinks that the swollen mitochondria (i.e. yolk) 

 may shrink to their original size during the development of the 

 egg, and so again come under the category of mitochondrial sub- 

 stance. 



Oogenesis of Ascaris. 



Hirschler {^1) finds a Golgi apparatus and mitochondria in the 

 young oocytes of Ascaris, The mitochondria occasionally swell up 

 to form the large yolk granules of the older eggs. The Golgi 

 apparatus segments may lie close to the yolk spheres, but do not 

 generally become intimately associated with them. The mito- 

 chondria and Golgi elements are throughout separate entities. 

 Hirschler also describes true fat granules in the ground cytoplasm. 

 His interpretations may be graphically shown thus : — 



ASCARIS. 

 Oogonium. Full-grown Oocyte. 



-^ Definitive mitochondria. 



-^ Yolk spheres. 



Golgi apparatus ^ Golgi apparatus. 



Ground cytoplasm >-Fat vacuoles. 



Subsequently to Hirschler's observations, Faure-Fremiet carried 

 out an exhaustive research on AscmHs {10). Faure-Fremiet did 

 not seem to have known of Hirschler's work, and the interpreta- 

 tions of the former author cannot be accepted completely by us. 

 Faure-Fremiet describes the young oocytes as containing mito- 

 chondria (chondriokontes), vacuoles of phosphate substance, and 

 fat-globules. He recognizes no Golgi apparatus. He says : " As 

 have been explained above, a part of the chondriome (mitochondrial 

 constituents of the cytoplasm) of the oocytes of Ascaris become 

 transformed into special elements comparable to certain ' Neben- 

 kerne.' " Faure-Fremiet here means the " nebenkern " of the snail 

 spermatocyte, which we know now to be a true Golgi apparatus — 

 see Perrincito {33) and {16-20, 20-4, and 42). Hirschler (21) 

 previously showed that the Golgi apparatus (or " nebenkern ") of 

 Ascaris is not related to the mitochondria. Faure-Fremiet is 

 wrong in his interpretation of these elements in the Ascaris egg, 

 and we prefer Hirschler's interpretation. 



The Golgi Apparatus of the Mammalian 

 Ovary and Testis. 



The cells of the mammalian ovary, like those of invertebrate 

 ovaries, contain a typical Golgi apparatus, demonstrable either by 



