ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 181 



rise to four spermatids. The mitoses in the proliferation of the testicular 

 epithehum are associated with the elaboration of abundant protoplasm. 

 With increase of as^e the divisions of the seminal epithelium become 

 fewer. The seminiferous tubule becomes a solid band or cord. The 

 intermediate connective tissue increases. The testis is modified in 

 part into islands of fibrous tissue containing cells with clear perinuclear 

 cytoplasm. J. A. T. 



Aggregation of Spermatozoa of Sea-urchin in Water in which the 

 Ova have been Macerated. — J. Cotte (C. R. Soc. Biol., 1919, 82, 

 1419-21). The spermatozoa converge in groups, as if towards invisible 

 ends. It seems that the " chorion " of the ova becomes dissociated into 

 particles, and it is likely that the spermatozoa hurry towards these as if 

 to ova. J. A. T. 



Secretion of Epididymis in Hibernating Bat. — M. R. Couerier 

 {G. R. Soc. Biol, 1920, 83, 67-9). During the hibernation there is an 

 intense secretion of the epididymis which probably serves for the 

 nutrition of the spermatozoa, large numbers of which are found in the 

 canal of the epididymis. The spermatozoa arrange themselves radially 

 around the large secretory granules. In the testis there is an arrest of 

 spermatogenesis ; the seminiferous tubules contain only spermatogonia 

 and Sertoli's nuclei with hardly visible protoplasm. But the interstitial 

 tissue is much developed and in full secretory activity. Probably this 

 endocrine gland conditions the activity of the epididymis. J. A. T. 



Spermatogenesis in Anolis carolinensis. — T. S. Painter {Proc. 

 Amer. Soc. Zool. in Anat. Record, 1920, 17, 328). In this lizard, " the 

 American cham^eleon," what appears to be a typical "accessory" or 

 sex-chromosome is found in the first maturation division ; it is bipartite 

 in character and goes undivided to one pole of the spindle. In the 

 second maturation division, the sex-chromosome, when present, divides. 

 The spermatozoa are dimorphic as regards the sex-chromosome ; half 

 have it, half are without it. The autosome complex consists of ten 

 large chromosomes and twenty- two smaller bodies. In the first and 

 second spermatocyte divisions five large and eleven small chromosomes 

 are seen (in addition to the sex-chromosome), and these divide in the 

 usual way. There is no " double reduction." There is essential agree- 

 ment as regards the chromosomes with what occurs in insects and other 

 Invertebrates. J. A. T. 



Monsters Produced by X-rays. — W. M. Baldwin {Anat. Record, 

 1919, 17, 135-63, 2 pis.). Experiments on developing frogs' eggs 

 show that the mitotic routine may be altered, that the cytoplasm is 

 affected as well as the chromatin, that growth and differentiation are 

 affected, that the action of the rays is selective, and that definite changes 

 of a chemical nature in the protoplasmic content of the cells and in 

 their enzymes may be produced by X-ray energy. Experimental 

 evidence at present points to a definite chemical intracellular chemical 

 reaction which may lead to structural abnormalities. J. A. T. 



