346 SUMMARY OF CURRKNT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



discusses (1) the development of the primordia — ascogonia and antheridia, 

 (2) the asexual or Papulospora stage, (3) intrahyphal mycelium, and 

 (4) the necessity of two strains in sexual reproduction. He finds that 

 both ascogonia and antheridia are erect structures (air being evidently 

 necessary at the origin of the ascocarps), and that the ends of the two 

 bodies fuse. The ascogenous cell then begins to enlarge and to produce 

 ascogenous hypha3. A description of the l)ulbils or Papalosjwra stage 

 follows, and the appearance of hypha3 within older hyphas of the same 

 species. In spore cultures of one strain there is no fertilization, only 

 ascog(;nia or antheridia arise ; but sexual reproduction occurs in cultures 

 containing two strains properly chosen. Difficulty was experienced in 

 obtaining the germination of any of the spores. A. L. S. 



Another New Truffle.— W. A. Murrill {Mycologia, 1920, 12, 

 157-8, 1 fig.). The new species, Tuher Shearii Hark., was collected and 

 described by Harkness before his death in 1899. It differs from allied 

 species in the markings on the large spores. A. L. S. 



Mycotorula turbidans Will.— H. Will and F. 0. Landtblom 

 {Zeitschr. Oes. Bramv., 1919, 42, 367-70; see also Journ. Inst. Breiv.^ 

 1920, 26, 261-2). The new Torula produces turbidity in beer. Such 

 Toriilse were rare before the war, but the writers suggest that the wort 

 being weak allows the development of alien organisms. The one 

 described appears to thrive well in competition with the normal beer 

 yeast. As the beer matures the cloudiness disappears, as the flocks, at a 

 certain stage of development, fall to the bottom of the storage vessel. 

 Mycotorula is described, and the results obtained in cultures, etc., are 

 given. A. L. S. 



Gloeosporium Tremulse and Gloeosporium Populi-albae. — A. van 

 LuYK {Ann, Myrol., 1919, 17, 110-3, 1 fig.). The author considers 

 that the two species are identical. He finds a curious attachment between 

 the spores whereby chains are formed by lateral bridges. Similar 

 bridging connexions are the characteristic feature of Titseospora Bubak, 

 but as the spores in the above plants are simple a new genus is formed, 

 Tiiseosporina. A. L. S. 



Uredinea; with Swelling Spore-membranes.— H. and P. Sydow 

 {Ann. MycoL, 1919; 17, 101-7). The authors have discussed some 

 unusual forms. Two species from Paraguay and from Ceylon classified 

 as Uredo forms have now been determined as teleutospore stages. They 

 are distinguished by the swollen walls of the spores covered with pro- 

 jections ; the spores are one-celled and of rather large size. The 

 authors place them in a new genus, Gtenodernia. A discussion follows 

 on the method of distinguishing Uromyces and Fuccinia. In both these 

 genera are found forms with swollen walls and with a large number of 

 germinating pores. Sydow proposes two genera to include these — 

 Diclilamys for those belonging to Pmcinia, and Haplopyxis for the 

 Uromyces forms. Still another genus is established, Trochodium, in 

 which the teleutospores are one-celled, with swollen furrowed walls and 

 with one germ pore. A. L. S. 



