14 



ART. 3. 13. KOTO : 



preceding, from wliicli this one differs only in tlie groimdmass, being 

 mainly splierulitic, and gradually passing to splierulitefels. It frequently 

 makes an independent mass. It is this ash-stone which seems to 

 the writer to be the same effusive, named plagioliparite or rli^'odacite, 

 found in ])atches all over Japan, although here quartz is not typically 

 OKiGiNor ,-ie^-eiopeci. It is this rock which gave birth to the oft- 

 mentioned sulmiarine bed of lapilli that is usually misinterpreted as 

 ] laving been ejected from either Ivirishima or Sakura-jima. 



In order to make a close study of the geologic 

 data given above, as well as to illustrate the mode of 



^ Cap-sheet cf 

 Lava fhty 



ASH-STONK 



AND Lapilli 



Bed in the 



Enttrons 



OF THF OtTY 



OF Kago- formation of the bay itself, the writer will select tlio 



SHIMA 



environs of the city of Kagosliima for this scope. 



The city lies opposite and west of the volcanic island of 



Sakura-jima, and is separated from it by a channel 3.7 h.m. wide and 



25 fathoms deep. The old castle- 

 hill of the Feudal Lord Shimazu 

 stands in the city on the plateau- 

 edge, 100 m. high. It is the fjipe 

 of the lapilli plateau of southern 

 Kyùshù. 



A. — The upper massive, 80- 

 meter bed is built up of an incoherent 

 ash-grey mass of pumice and lapilh', 

 loosely cemented with ash, under- 

 laid (at the entrance of the railway 

 tunnel) by 



B. — A liglit-l)rownish clay bed 

 (Fig. 3). It consists mainly of 



^. ^ . ^ comminuted viumice and a few clay- 



Fig. 3.— Section of L.-xpilli rktean 



near Kagosliima. <^y particles with some In'persthene 



