26 AET. 3. — B. KOTu ; 



of Yokoyama and Akobara, and touching the southern foot of 

 Hakama-goshi on its forward movement. See Geologic Map, and 

 PI. XII. Fig. 3. 



It is 72 m. high and consequently 30 m. lower than the city- 

 castle, and rises from the sea-bottom 20 fathoms deep. It differs 

 geologically from the island just described by the absence of the 

 basal effusive G (p. 14) ; but the lower two- thirds are represented 

 by the horizon B which is here barren in fossils, and built up 

 Hkewise of sand mixed up with ash and pumice of the old 

 hornblende -bearing hypersthene trachyandesite C. The upper one- 

 third of the profile is again composed of lapilli beds A.^^ The whole 

 complex dips slightly southeast. The islet is, like Oki-kojima, a 

 fragment of plateau -land. 



K^su- n^ rpjjj^ LAVA-DEOWNED KaEASU-JIMA.'^ TllC Small 



pointed island (22 m.), now drowned and hidden under the 

 recent lava, lay to the south of Hakama-goshi, and from the 

 geographic position it is probable that it was a relic of the 

 Plateau Formation like the latter. S. Kanat, who frequently 



1) There is a shell bed of doubtful stratigmi^hic position. It may be a member of the 

 lapilli bed A, or simply scattered over the top or slo^je of the hill. It is not yet decided 

 whether the find is a kitchen middens, or deposited in the sea prior to the upheaval of the island. 

 The species, all living, were determined by T. Iwakawa, of the Female Normal School of Tokyo, 

 and they are as follows : 



1. Fasciolaria trapezium Linn. 2. Strombus succinctus septimns Dnclos. 



3. Strombus luhuanus Linn. 4. Conns quercinus Hwass. 



5. Conus tes.sellatus Bom. ß. Conus miles Linn. (?. 



7. Area decussata Sowb. 8. Chama imbricata Brod. 



i). Chama semipurpurata Lisch. (?) 10. Cypraea sp. 



11. Turbo (Macrostoma) coronatus Omel. 12. Mactra sulcotaria Desh. 



13. Septifer nicobaricus Chemn. 14. Vola laqueta Sowb. 



15. Ostrea gigas (?) Thtmb. IG. Chlorostoma rugatum (Jould. 



17. Gyrinium granifera Lam. 18. Phos senticosus Linn. 



19. Columbella versicolor Sowb. 20. Nerita alficella Linn. 



21. I'ectunculus vestitiis Wer. 22. Trochiis obeliscus G mol. 



I'lant remains are also said to be found in Hakama-goshi. 



2) Karasu-jima or the ' Crow Island,' named jirobably fi'om the blaclc color of the rock of 

 the island. 



