THE GKEAT EKUl'TION OF SAKÜ11A-JIMA IN 1914. 



45 



/ 



jiina boiled up, spouting at several points, and the color of the 

 sea became purple. 



Soon after 2 r.M. a thread of wliite cloud rose from tlie 

 south crater, and then black 

 smoke was thrown out in 

 cauliflower form'^ from the 

 dope between the middle and 

 south top-craters, followed 

 immediately by tremendous 

 roaring and violent quaking. 

 In the house one felt as if 

 sitting on a rocking chair, 

 and out of doors it was like 

 being on the sea. When 

 persons lay down they were 

 rolled about, and when they 

 stood up they were thrown 

 down, and when they sat 

 down they swung to and 

 fro. Flames shot out from 

 hoth (Figs. 10/>, 10c) sides 

 of the mountain ejecting 

 pumice and sending down 

 avalanches of mud,'^ at first 

 at Shirahama near the nor- 

 thern coast (see Geologic 



Fig. lO b. — Sakura-jima in eruption in 1779, ^-iewed 

 from Kagoshima. Four active centers, the southern- 

 most (on the right) being on the slope at Anei-zau 

 vent ; the second at the crater of the south cone ; 

 the third and fourth (on the left) on the northea- 

 stern slope of the north cone (of. Fig. lOc). The 

 northern vents were very active on November 7, 

 the southern on the next day. Copy of a sketch 

 in posses.sion of ]\I. Hamasaki in Kagoshima. 



1) According to A. Imamura, the height of the column of smoke-cloud was measured at 

 that time by the compilers of an almanac in Kagoshima to be 1"2,029 m. (3 rl 2 c/to 16 fcen)— an 

 altitude that is already in the windless and cloudless zone of constant temiaerature. 



2) It seems highly probable that the ejection of mud- flow took place at the early phase 

 of activity from one of the top-craters, either the middle or the south. 



