THE GREAT ERUPTION OF SAKURA-JIMA IN 1914. 67 



the city. Flashes of Ughtning (Fig. 16), which seem to have been 

 mostly confounded with projectiles of red-hot rocks, were shooting 

 in a girandole fashion within the column of emitting clouds. 



At 2.30 r.M., black ash-smoke and white steam-gas clouds^^ 

 intermixed enveloped the whole island, accompanied by augment- 

 ing detonations ; from 3.30 p.m., real explosion on a grand scale 

 began with cannonading and tremblings. The fluent lava already 

 began to crawl down slowly just before the great earthquake at 

 The First ß 29 T.M. from the Yunohira vents. Thus the explosive 



Sign of ^ 



M\A-FLow pJiase ended and the activity entered into the second phase 

 — the true eruption.^^ • 



theActh-i- rpg-j. Activities on the East Side. What the 



TIES ON THE 



East Side éviter has just dcpictcd refers to the activity on the 

 front side — the icestern, the Yunohira ventholes, from morning to 

 evening just before the great earthquake at 6.29 val What took 

 place dui'ing the same interval on the southeast coast of the 

 island was very little known. Being on the further side of 

 Mt. Sakura-jima from Kagoshima, these portions of the island 

 scarcely attracted the attention of the general public, though not 

 far from the coast of Osumi, which is dotted with impoverished 

 villages on the fast soaking lapilli deposits of 1779, and probably 

 also of 1476. 



The 12th, The spoutiiig of wclls in Ari-mura at 8 a.m. has 



been already referred to (p. 62). About 800 shocks 



1) From the universality .ind abundance of salmiac and gypsum, especially the first, 

 among incrustations and sublimates in the juvenile lavas and the ventholes in Salmra-jima, the 

 writer is disposed to think that not a small portion of those curdy white volcanic clouds is 

 composed of snowy crystalUtes of the sidnnar. funic, which are formed in the milium of the 

 atmosphere. 



2) Some writers on the Sakura-jima eruption assign the first lava flow to an interval 

 between 8.15 p.m. of the 12th to 8.30 a.m. of the 13th. In a photo (PI. V. Fig. 3) taken on the 

 13th, 10.33 A.M., we see the lava flow already approacliing the shore. 



