140 



ART. 3. — B. KOTÔ 



Pig. 27. — Blow-liole nbove No. 1 venthole in the western lava-field, marked 

 ■nith a cross in PI. XV. (Photo by Mr. Yamaguchi.) 



active during the first pliase. It is Danbrée's diatreme hole from 

 one end of which lava flowed downwards (PL XV. No. 1). 



No. 2 — the Yuno-hira vent — is the giant of orifice at an altitude 

 of 300 m. and really entitled to the name of crater. It was formerly 

 a hollow alongside the upper limit of a cultivated gentle slope 

 below the western precipice of the north cone, as may be seen in 

 various photographic views prior to the eruption. .Vlready for a 

 score of years, weak jets of steam have been issuing there from 

 fissures in the ground. This time it engulfed a considerable hollow 

 from which the lava shield rose {see Text-fig. 28) like a ' SchoUen- 

 dom "Mn Kilauea,'^ and fluent lava broke through and forced its way 

 down the slope (Pis. XIV.-XV.) pouring fortli nearly the wliole 



1) The type of the enii)tion at Yitno-hira is exactly like that of Santorin in 186G when a 

 dome was there first formed, but the lava (hypersthene-andesitc) finally burst oxat the side as a 

 flow. — ^F. Fonqué, ' Santorin et ses eruption,' Paris, 187!). 



2) F. A. Perret, ' Some Kilauean Formations.' Amer. Jour. Sri, 1913, p. 154. 



