THK GREAT ERUPTION OF SAKURA-3IMA IN 1914. 153 



and dry channels through wliich torrents carrying pumice and ash 

 once rushed down to the coastal villages. It is known as Yama-sliiwo 

 or mountain-tide of the Matsura gulch (Matsura-gawara on Geologic 

 Map) — the scars left fi'om excavation in 1779 (p. 40). The ravines 

 lie petrographically in a weak line, being the margin of the Kabano 

 lava ; and one finds in the bottom of the channel good exposures 

 of slag-agglomerate and cap-sheet of the Kabano lava (p. 158). 

 There is still another double gulch of minor size, lying to the 

 northeast of the former, known as the Futamata gulch {see Map). 

 Western Wcstem Slope. — The lava exposed on this side 



SLOPE •* •*■ 



appears firstly in the form of a parasitic cone — the volcanello of 

 Furuhata^^ (Geologic Map, nf), and secondly, in a patch at Atago- 

 yama (n), and thirdly, in a ravine of Ogawara (n). The space 

 between the first and the second is overflooded by the recent lava, 

 while that of the second and the third by the Ohira lava (oh) of 

 1749. In passing, it may be remarked that the pointed cliffs on 

 the upper reach, called Jiasami or the ' scissors,' slid down in 

 avalanche in the deep gulch of Hase in the early morning of 

 January 12th, the result of constant trem^blings of the ground, and 

 the slips were mistaken for the eruption, although the actual 

 eruption began only about 10 a.m. of that day. 



On the cliff that bounds the deep gulch of the above-mentioned 

 Hase valley (Mizu-otoslii in Geologic Map), strong agglomerate beds^^ 



1) "Sr tffl (H ^ SM) The volcanello of Furuhata is an ancient adventitious tholoide 

 of the North Cone, to which it is genetically related in the nature of the magma. Once a 

 Avide open crater of the rheumatitic lava is still to be seen in the form of a fragment of wall, 

 named Yunohira (Text-fig. 31, y), and a new low collapsed lava-dome (f) sits upon its western 

 flank, which received the name of Furuhata. On the top (Sambongachi), there were three holes, 

 constantly emitting lukewarm gases, only one of them still surviving after the recent paroxysm. 



2) The clifE-profile shows the structure, beginning with a) the pumiceous éjecta and 

 pumiceous lava, followed above by j8) the block bed with ashes, the whole being capped with 

 7) the lava-sheet. The total thickness amounts to 300 in., and the entire complex is built of the 

 characteristic light-colored Kita-daké rock. 



