164 ART. 3. — B. KOTÔ : 



All the historic lavas, which are likewise dark in color, are 

 fresh pitch-hleLck, due to the presence of dark or violet-brown base, 

 and they are the product of flank eruptions, in contrast to the 

 central, showing that Sakura-jima has already passed in pre-historic 

 times the prime of its volcanic age. 



b) Mode of Occurrence.— It is stated^-* that ' on October 25th, 

 1471,^^ the mountain was in flames above the village of Kurokami 

 (on the east coast) projecting stones and raining ash. Lava piled 



A 



up and formed a rocky hill called Omoyé-zaki, the great burning 

 cape.' With this simple passage as a key, the writer has differ- 

 entiated a lava field at the north of Kurokami from that of 1779, 

 which encloses it on two sides, leaving a triangular uncovered 

 patch of 2.4 sq. km. along the shore. See Geologic Map. 



The field lies 1.2 km. north of Kurokami, and this triangular 

 lava terrane has 3 depressions at the apex landward, while the pro- 

 jecting headland of Omoyé-zaki forms another corner. The latter is 

 the visible terminus and the former the vents from which lava 

 poured forth seaw^ards to the above-mentioned headland, and which 

 people call the fire-holes or higona of Urano-mayé or Uran-mayé, 

 the latter a solitary group of cottages in a cove. 



The ventholes of the Urano-mayé lava-field are the fresh- 

 looking depressions within a terrane of lava clods, the largest 

 being elliptical with axes of 200 m. by 100, and bounded with 

 steep cliffs 50 m. deep. The bottom of the pit is covered with 

 talus, and old ashes. The black lava-field is craggy, affording 

 foothold only to stunted trees and meagre grass. Topographically 

 the writer is able to recognize this Urano-mayé lava-field of 1471 



1) Chiri-.mnh o Jfi 51 ML^- ^«rt XX. p. 12. ' Geographic Scraps of the Provinces Hyiiga, 

 Ôsumi, and Satsuma,' KHgoshima, 1898. 



2) Some say it occurred in 1475 ? 



