INJECTION EXPERIMENTS ON I>r>ANTS. 7 



blade, with the exception of young terminal leaves, and the downward 

 conduction did not occur conspicuously as a rule. This marked 

 difference must be due to the absence of transpiration. 



VII. Experiments on some deciduous trees in 

 winter and early spring. 



(See exp. 50-58.) 



In order to observe the mode of conduction in deciduous trees 

 in winter and early spring, some injection experiments were per- 

 formed. From these experiments it was found that lithium w^as 

 carried upwards to a considerable distance from the injected point, 

 but downwards only to a comparatively short distance ; the con- 

 duction in these plants, however, is feebler than that in leafy plants. 



I observed in Cornus confroversa that the conduction of lithium 

 gradually increased in early spring ; in the leafless plant in winter 

 (exp. 53-55) hthium was not carried far, even after a considerable 

 lapse of time ; when the plant was at the bleeding period in early 

 spring and the buds had unfolded a little, an increase in the rate 

 of conduction was observed (exp. 56), but lithium did not yet 

 reach the buds (PI. II, Fig. 5. A). Only when the young leaves 

 attained about 3 cm. in length, (PI. II, Fig. 5. B) it was found 

 in them for the first time (exp. 57). We may infer from these ex- 

 periments that transpiration plays the most important rôle in the 

 conduction of the injected substance, although osmotic action of 

 cells and the root-pressure etc. have more or less influence. 



VIII. Experiments on some Thallophytes. 



As will be seen in the experimental data (43, 44), certain 

 fungi distinctly showed the conduction of lithium through their 



