IXJKCriOX EXPERIMENTS OX IT.AM.S. 13 



As we see in the above table, upward conduction exceeds the 

 downward in many instances, but sometimes a vigorous downward 

 conduction^) occurs. In Caima lutea (exp. 18), I observed that the 

 injected hthium not only descended through the stem down to its 

 base but was also conducted into all leaves which attach to every 

 node. 



A marked downward conduction also occurred when injection 

 was made in the leaf, flower-stalk, fruit, etc. 



SO^Cu was injected into the leaf-sheath of AlUmn fistulosum 

 and penetrated down to the rhizome (exp. 62). In Narcissus 

 painjraceiis (exp. 23, 24), lithium, when injected into the leaf or 

 scape, was found in the rhizome and most coats of the bulb, 

 moreover it was also conducted up to other leaves and the scape. 

 In Citrus nohilis (exp. 3, PI. I, Fig. 2), lithium, when injected 

 into the fruit, was conducted backwards through the fruit- stalk 

 and branch and into 4 leaves. 



When injection was made into a long rhizome or stolon, I 

 often observed conduction in both directions, forwards and back- 

 wards, (exp. 13, Calystegia soidanella ; exp. 14, Lactuca repens ; exp, 

 36, Carex macrocejyhala ; exp. 42, Equisetum arven^e). 



Indeed, I observed in Carex pumila (exp. 25) that lithium 

 travelled through the rhizome fore and backwards, passing through 

 the erect shoots one by one. 



In the experiments with leafless deciduous trees in winter or 

 early spring I could also confirm that both conductions occurred, 

 the upward being more vigorous than the downward one. 



1) ScHECHXEK (16) mentioned that a vigorous dowmvard current is due to the inversion of 

 the osmotic ratio and according to Boehii's (17) view it occurs ^^■hen the earth is relatively dry 

 and the sap-conducting vessels filled -with ^vater. 



