2 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, Vol. XII. 



p. 199 ; Hume, iUd^ VIII, p. 119 ; id., Cat. No. 158 ; Barnes, " Birds 

 of Bombay," p. 402. 



Anas hoscas, Hmiie and Marshall, " Game Birds of India," III, p. 151 ; 

 Hmne, " Nests and Eggs " (2nd ed.), Ill, p. 288; Salvadori, "British 

 Museum Cat./' XXVII, p. 180 ; Blanford, " Birds of India," IV, p. 435. 



Description of Adult Male. — Head and upper neck bright and very 

 glossy dark green ; a ring, interrupted on the nape, pure white ; 

 upper back and scapulars brownish-grey, changing into dark brown on 

 the back and lower neck ; upper back vermiculated with dark brown ; 

 rump and upper tail coverts and four central rectrices deep black ; 

 outer rectrices light grey, edged white. Wing coverts dark grey or 

 grey-brown, the greater coverts tipped black and sub-tipped white, 

 forming two distinct wing bars ; speculum glossy bluish-purple or 

 violet ; after this two more bars formed by the black sub-tips and 

 white ti})s of the outer secondaries ; exposed inner secondaries dark 

 brown, remaining quills dark brown ; upper breast chestnut ; lower 

 breast, flanks, and abdomen greyish-white, very finely barred with dark 

 brown ; under tail coverts rich black. 



*' The colours of the soft parts vary. I have found the legs and feet 

 most commonly reddish-orange, but also coral and vermilion-red, and 

 again pure orange ; the claws are black or dusky, and more or less 

 of the webs are often more or less dusky ; the irides are brown, some- 

 times deep, sometimes comparatively light ; the nail of the bill is black ; 

 the rest of the bill is normally a rather dingy olive, more yellow at 

 base, greener at tip ; the lower mandible is generally more or less 

 orange at the base ; and I have killed l)ird3 (females), with the bills black 

 on the culmen and a considerable portion of the upper mandible and 

 orange-yellow elsewhere ; others with brown replacing the black, and 

 brownish-yellow replacing the orange ; and I killed one male with the 

 bill a distinct orange-green — a colour such as I never saw in any other 

 bird."— (Hume.) 



*' Bill yellowish-green, black at tip ; under mandible reddish-yellow 

 at the base ; irides brown ; legs and feet reddish-orange." — (Salvadori.) 



Adidi Male in non-hreeding plumage. — Similar to the female, but 

 usually a good deal darker. 



" Length 22'3" to 24*5" ; wing 10-45" to ll'S"; tail from vent 4*2" to 

 4*8" ; tarsus 1*6" to 1-85" ; bill from gape 2-5" to 2-75" ; weight if in fair 



