ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 93 



P.J. Anderson and H. W. Anderson * call attention to the difference 

 that exists between the fungus causing the chestnut-tree blight in the 

 eastern part of Pennsylvania and that of the south-western countries, 

 the latter known as the Connellsville fungus. The authors made 

 cultures on agar and otherwise of the various fungi, and describe the 

 points of difference. The nomenclature and systematic position of the 

 fungi are also discussed. 



H. Morstatt f has described a fungus that caused a disease of Calo- 

 tropis in South Africa, which he decided to be a new species Napicla- 

 diiim Oafotropidis. The fungus causes olive-brown spots on the leaves, 

 and these are covered with the couidiophores of the fungus. 



G. J. Arnaud J has published a series of pathological notes ; he 

 believes that Sphseropsis pseiido-diplodia is a polymorphous and poly- 

 phagous species, not being confined to one substratum. He found it on 

 Cydonia, growing with an Ascomycete, Physalospora Cydonise sp. n., 

 which is probably the perfect fruiting form of the species. He found 

 that Phoma cinerascens caused great damage to Ficus Carica at Mont- 

 pellier, and on the branches where it grew, a small Coleopterous insect 

 always nested. 



Joh. Westerdijk § has studied the Monilia disease on cherries, and 

 found that the Sderotinia form had developed and had formed apothecia, 

 in most cases two to five on each. From morphological characters, the 

 species seemed to differ from the Sderotinise on Peaches and Plums. 



liichens. 



(By A. LoREAiN Smith, F.L.S.) 



Lichens blasteniospor6s.|j — Hue has studied the development of 

 polari-bilocular spores, and claims to have proved that they are really 

 one-celled, but that a central membrane becomes so thickened that the 

 cell-lumen is reduced to a cavity at each end of the spore with a con- 

 necting canal. The canal may be very narrow, but can always be 

 demonstrated by suitable reagents. 



Shetland Lichens.lF — K list of Shetland lichens has been published 

 by W. West, with ecological notes. Native trees are practically absent 

 from the island, so any corticolous species obtained were from stunted 

 trees near dwellings. The exposed mica schist and gneiss in different 

 places had a very similar and somewhat uniform flora. Granite was 

 usually bare as well as Serpentine, owing to the rapid weathering of 



* Phytopathology, ii. (1912) pp. 204-10. 

 t Ann. Mycol., x. (1912) p. 451. 



X Ann. Ecole Nat. Agric. Montpellier, ser. 2,j[xii. (1912) 20 pp. (9 figs.). 

 § Med. Phytopath. Lab. "Willie Commel in Scholten," Amsterdam, iii. (1912) 

 pp. 59-41 (1 pi.). See also Ann. MvcoL, x. (1912) pp. 529-30. 

 II Bull. Soc. Bot. France, Iviii. (1912) pp. 67-86 (2 pis.). 

 ^ Journ. Bot., 1. (1912) pp. 303-6. 



