250 Transactions of the Society. 



VIII. — Notes on Chirocephalus diaphcmus and Artemia salina. 

 By H. J. Waddington, F.L.S. 



{Read February 19, 1913.) 



Chirocephalus diaphamcs, the development of which Mr. Lees 

 Ourties is exhibiting for me this evening, is practically now the 

 only British species of Phyllopoda met with. Formerly three 

 species were included in the British fauna, Apus cancriformiSj 

 Artemia salina, and Ghiroceplialns diaplianus. Apus cancriformis 

 had disappeared for many years. Since the mention of it in Baird's 

 Entomostraca in 1850, there was no record of its having been met 

 with, until it was re found on one occasion in Scotland in 1907. 



Since the manufacture of sea -salt has been given up in this 

 country, Artemia salina, known as the brine shrimp, has quite 

 disappeared. It was formerly found in large quantities in the 

 brine pans at Lymington. Although the remains of these brine 

 pans still exist, no Artemia are to be found. 



In April 1907, I had a visit from Canon Norman, who was 

 then on his way to Lymington for the purpose of searching for 

 Artemia. He wrote me from there, describing the present condition 

 of the old brine pans, and said he was convinced that it had 

 entirely disappeared. 



Ckirocephalus, although very rarely met with, seems to be some- 

 what widely distributed in England. Mr. D. J. Scourfield, in his 

 Synopsis of the British Fresh- water Entomostraca, says it is very 

 rare. Canon Norman, in his Crustacea of Devon and Cornwall, says 

 it appears to be more abundant in Cornwall than elsewhere in the 

 British Isles. It sometimes attains considerable size, as may be 

 seen by the two unmounted specimens here shown. These are from 

 Newquay in Cornwall. 



It is generally found in small pools of higldy coloured and 

 very dirty water. In fact the conditions of the pools are such, that 

 one would hardly expect to find in them so delicate and beautiful 

 an animal. 



January to March is given as the right time to look for Ckiro- 

 cephalus, as also tlie autumn, in wliich it reappears. It is very 

 probable that it may be found at other times, as the specimens 

 which are here shown have been reared from Chirocephalus, which 

 have been persistent in the same pools from last July to the 

 present time. 



